Middle Eastern Journal of Disability Studies

fa بررسی ارتباط تحمل ناکامی و نقص در تنظیم شناختی هیجان و تنیدگی ادراک‌شده با نشانگان افسردگی Relationship between Perceived Stress, Frustration Tolerance, Cognitive Emotion Regulation with Depression Syndrome روانشناسی Psychology مقاله پژوهشی اصیل Original Research Article <div style="font-style: normal; text-align: justify;">  زمینه و هدف: افسردگی، نشانگانی است که براساس بیان لفظی یا غیرلفظی عواطف غمگین و اضطرابی یا حالت‌های برانگیختگی مشخص می‌شود. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی ارتباط تحمل ناکامی و نقص در تنظیم شناختی هیجان و تنیدگی ادراک‌شده با نشانگان افسردگی در میان کارکنان زندان مرکزی یزد انجام پذیرفت. روش‌بررسی: این تحقیق توصیفی از نوع همبستگی بود. جامعهٔ پژوهش را تمامی کارمندان زندان مرکزی یزد در سال ۹۶-۱۳۹۵ تشکیل دادند که از بین آنان ۱۲۰ نفر به‌صورت نمونه‌گیری تصادفی انتخاب شده و به پرسشنامه‌های تحمل ناکامی (هرینگتون، ۲۰۰۵)، تنظیم شناختی هیجان (گارنفسکی، ۲۰۰۱)، تنیدگی‌ ادراک‌شده (کوهن، ۱۹۸۳) و افسردگی (گلدبرگ، ۱۹۸۸) پاسخ دادند. به‌منظور تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها از روش همبستگی پیرسون و رگرسیون گام‌به‌گام استفاده شد. تحلیل داده‌ها توسط نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخهٔ ۲۱ در سطح ۹۵درصد اطمینان صورت گرفت. یافته‌ها: یافته‌های این پژوهش نشان داد ضریب همبستگی میان افسردگی با تنیدگی ادراک‌شده مثبت و معنادار است (۰٫۳۷=r، ۰٫۰۰۱<p). ازسوی‌دیگر بین افسردگی با نقص در تنظیم شناختی هیجان (۰٫۲۸-=r، ۰٫۰۰۱<p) و تحمل ناکامی (۰٫۳۴-=r، ۰٫۰۰۱<p) رابطهٔ منفی و معناداری مشاهده می‌شود. نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون گام‌به‌گام نیز حاکی‌از این بود که تحمل ناکامی و تنیدگی ادراک‌شده به‌میزان ۱۶درصد نمرهٔ کل افسردگی را تبیین می‌کند (۰٫۰۵<p). نتیجه‌گیری: براساس یافته‌های این پژوهش و رابطهٔ بین تحمل ناکامی و تنیدگی ادراک‌شده و نقص در تنظیم هیجان با افسردگی، توجه به این موضوعات در درمان بیماران افسرده به متخصصان در این زمینه توصیه می‌شود.  </div> <div style="text-align: justify;">Background & Objective: Depression mood is a state of affliction and escape from activity or unconsciousness and reluctance, and can affect one's thoughts, feelings, health, and wellbeing. People with depression can feel discomfort, anxiety, emptiness, frustration, and helplessness, loss of life, embarrassment, or restlessness. They may lose their passion for performing activities that are once enjoyable for themselves, lose their appetite and focus, have difficulty remembering details and make decisions, deal with problems in their relationships, thinking to suicide, and intend or do it. Depression causes insomnia, excessive sleep, tiredness, and burning digestive problems, or reduced body energy in some cases. Emotional self–regulation or regulation of emotion is the ability to respond to the ongoing demands of experience with the range of emotions in a manner that is socially tolerable and sufficiently flexible to permit spontaneous reactions as well as the ability to delay spontaneous reactions as needed. It can also be defined as extrinsic and intrinsic processes responsible for monitoring, evaluating, and modifying emotional reactions. Emotion self–regulation belongs to the broader set of emotion–regulation processes, which includes the regulation of one's feelings and the regulation of other people's feelings. Low frustration tolerance (LFT), or "short–term hedonism" is a concept utilized to describe the inability to tolerate unpleasant feelings or stressful situations. It stems from the feeling that reality should be as wished that any frustration should be resolved quickly and easily. People with low frustration tolerance experience emotional disturbance when frustrations are not quickly resolved. Behaviors are then directed towards avoiding frustrating events, which, paradoxically, leads to increased frustration and even greater mental stress. This study aimed to explore the relationship of frustration tolerance, defect in cognitive regulation, and perceived stress with depression syndrome among central prison employees.  Methods: The present research method was correlational. The population of this study was 120 personnel of employee in central prison that were chosen by random sampling. The questionnaire of perceived stress scale (PSS) of Cohen, Goldberg depression scale (GDS), cognitive emotion regulation of Granfaski, and frustration tolerance questionnaire distributed, and the PSS is the most widely used psychological instrument for measuring the perception of stress. It is a measure of the degree to which situations in one's life are appraised as stressful. Items were designed to how unpredictable, uncontrollable, and overloaded respondents find their lives. The scale also includes several direct queries about current levels of experienced stress. Granfaski developed the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire in 2001. Hassani updated this questionnaire based on Iran's condition. Alpha Cronbach of this questionnaire in this research was 0.78. Harington developed a frustration tolerance questionnaire in 2005; he made this questionnaire by using Ellis's theory; Babareisi updated this questionnaire based on Iran's condition. Goldberg depression questionnaire used to help determine the need to see a mental health professional for diagnosis and treatment of depression or to monitor mood. Aminpoor updated this questionnaire based on Iran's condition. For analyzing data, we use descriptive statistical (Pearson correlation) and inferential statistics (step by step regression). The data was analyzed by SPSS 21.  Results: There was a meaningful correlation between depression and perceived stress (r=0.37, p<0.001). In addition, results showed there was negative correlation between frustration tolerance (r=0.034, p<0.001) and cognitive regulation (r=0.28, p<0.001). The result of step by step regression showed that perceived stress and frustration tolerance could predict depression. Conclusion: Regard to the correlation between frustration tolerances perceived stress and cognitive emotion regulation with depression, attention to these advised to all of the professions in this field.</div> تحمل ناکامی, تنظیم شناختی هیجان, تنیدگی ادراک‌شده, افسردگی. Perceived stress, Cognitive emotion regulation, Frustration tolerance, Depression. 79 79 http://jdisabilstud.org/browse.php?a_code=A-10-974-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Behnaz Abooie بهناز ابویی behnazabooie1367@gmail.com 100319475328460038760 100319475328460038760 Yes Islamic Azad University, Yazd دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، یزد Mohsen Amiri محسن امیری mohsenmiri@gmail.com 100319475328460038761 100319475328460038761 No University of Zanjan دانشگاه زنجان