fa تصویرسازی پتلپ در یادگیری فورهند تنیس روی میز در بیماران مالتیپل اسکلروزیس اثربخش است توانبخشی Rehabilitation مقاله پژوهشی اصیل Original Research Article <strong>چکیده </strong><br> <strong>زمینه و هدف:</strong> تصویرسازی حرکتی، اخیراً به عنوان روش جایگزین در بیماران نورولوژیکی، به&shy;صورت تمرین عملکردهای حرکتی مورد توجه قرارگرفته است. با&shy;این&shy;حال تاکنون شیوه نوین تصویر&shy;سازی پتلپ در بیماران مالتیپل&shy;اسکلروزیس (<span dir="LTR">MS</span>) مورد بررسی قرار نگرفته است. لذا، هدف این مقاله بررسی تأثیر تصویرسازی پتلپ و تمرین بدنی بر عملکرد و یادگیری ضربه فورهند تنیس در بیماران <span dir="LTR">MS</span> &nbsp;بود.<br> <strong>روش بررسی:</strong> در این مطالعه نیمه تجربی با طرح درون&shy;/ بین&shy;گروهی، 33 نفر از زنان مبتلا به بیماری <span dir="LTR">MS</span> شهرستان کرمانشاه به صورت در دسترس به عنوان نمونه آماری در تحقیق حاضر مشارکت داشتند. ابتدا آزمون دقت ضربه&shy;ی فورهند تنیس روی میز &nbsp;لیو و مسترز، از آزمودنی&shy;ها گرفته شد. سپس، به روش همتا&shy;سازی بر اساس نمرات پیش&shy;آزمون، در سه گروه تصویرسازی پتلپ، تمرین بدنی و گروه ترکیبی (تمرین بدنی با تصویرسازی پتلپ) تخصیص یافتند. شرکت&shy;کنندگان 18 جلسه ضربه فورهند تنیس روی میز را متناسب با گروهی که در آن بودند، تمرین کردند. یک هفته پس از مداخله، آزمون یادداری و انتقال از آزمودنی&shy;ها به عمل آمد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده&shy;ها در جلسات اکتساب از تحلیل واریانس با اندازه&shy;گیری مکرر و برای مقایسه گروه&shy;ها در جلسات پیش آزمون، پس آزمون، یادداری و انتقال از تحلیل واریانس یک&shy;راهه (با سطح معنی&shy;داری 05/0) به&shy;وسیله &nbsp;نرم &shy;افزار <span dir="LTR">SPSS</span> نسخه 16 استفاده شد.<br> <strong>یافته&shy;ها:</strong> &nbsp;نتایج تحلیل واریانس با اندازه&shy;گیری مکرر در جلسات اکتساب نشان داد دقت آزمون فورهند تنیس در تمامی گروه&shy;ها در طول جلسات بهبود معنی&shy;داری داشت (0001/0=<span dir="LTR">P</span>)؛ همچنین نتایج آزمون تعقیبی <span dir="LTR">LSD </span>&nbsp;&nbsp;نشان داد، دقت فورهند گروه تصویرسازی پتلپ، به طور معنی&shy;داری کمتر از دو گروه تمرین بدنی (014/0=<em><span dir="LTR">P</span></em>) &nbsp;و گروه ترکیبی دیگر بود (001/0=<em><span dir="LTR">P</span></em>)؛ اما نتایج تحلیل واریانس یک راهه در آزمون یادداری نشان داد که گروه ترکیبی بهتر از دو گروه تصویرسازی پتلپ (<em>0005/0</em><em>=</em><em><span dir="LTR">P</span></em>)، &nbsp;و گروه تمرین بدنی&nbsp; بودند (<em>001/0</em><em>=</em><em><span dir="LTR">P</span></em><em>،</em>).<br> <strong>نتیجه&shy;گیری: </strong>براساس یافته&shy;های این پژوهش، به نظر می&shy;رسد ترکیب تمرین بدنی با تصویرسازی پتلپ می&shy;تواند به عنوان یک مداخله برای بیماران مالتیپل اسکلروزیس، اثر بخش&shy;تر باشد. <strong>ABSTRACT</strong><br> <strong>Objective</strong><strong><span dir="RTL">:</span></strong> Motor imagery is widely used in sports skill instruction and has recently gained attention as a compensation way in the form of motor performance training for Parkinson and brain stroke patients. However, so far, a novel way of imagery called PETTLEP has not been investigated in multiple sclerosis patients. PETTLEP imagery emphasizes on seven effective components in imagery such as physics, environment, task, timing, learning, emotion and Perspective.Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of PETTLEP and physical training on the performance and learning of tennis forehand in multiple sclerosis patients.<br> <strong>Methods:</strong> The present study was semi-experimental, including intra / inter group design. For this purpose, 33 patients with MS (37.5&plusmn;3.02) were participated as a statistical sample in this study, who purposively selected among referrals to MS Society of Kermanshah city. First, Kinestatic and visual imagery questionnaire (Malouin et al, 2007) was used to examine the imagery ability of MS patients and then Edinburgh Handedness Inventory Questionnaire was used to confirm the right handedness of the subjects, then a table tennis forehand pre-test was taken from the subjects and they were divided to three groups of PETTLEP imagery, physical training and Combined group<span dir="RTL">)</span> PETTLEP imagery & physical training) Based on pre-test scores with Peer-matching method.<span dir="RTL"></span><br> The PETTLEP imagery group intervention included Mental imagery practice of Table Tennis Forehand using the PETTLEP method during 30 minutes.<span dir="RTL"></span><br> and the physical training group performed practically Table Tennis Forehand skill during t the same time in each session<span dir="RTL">.</span> Combined group Were placed under the PETTLEP imagery (15 minutes) and physical training (15 minutes). All groups 3 Sessions each week (for 6 weeks) performed related intervention. After one week from intervention, retention (Similar to pre-test) and transfer (Parallel forehand; Change direction of forehand) tests were performed. The research tool included the accuracy test of the Table Tennis Forehand Which was designed by lio and Master<span dir="RTL">.</span><br> The repeated measure ANOVA test was used to analyze the acquisition sessions. Observed significant effects were further assessed with LSD post-hoc tests. As well as, One-way was used to compare the groups in pre-test, post-test, retention and transfer tests. These analyses were based on Shapiro&ndash;Wilk&#39;s of normality and homogeneity of variance tests for all analyses, the level of significance was set at p < .05.<span dir="RTL"></span><br> <strong>Results</strong><span dir="RTL">:</span> For MS patients, repeated measures ANOVA in acquisition sessions showed effects of groups (p=0.003, &eta;2=0.324), sessions (p<0.001, &eta;2 =0.0865), and interaction (p<0.001, &eta;2=0.208) was Significant. Post hoc test showed that that tennis forehand accuracy of the all groups improved during acquisition sessions(p<0.05), and the tennis forehand accuracy of the PETTLEP imagery group was Significantly less than the physical training (P =0.014), and Combined groups (P =0.001). Whereas, there was no significant difference between the physical training and Combined groups (P >0.05). In addition, Results of one-way ANOVA in retention test showed that the tennis forehand accuracy of the Combined group was better than the physical training (P =0.001), and PETTLEP imagery groups (p<0.001). As well as the physical training group was better than the PETTLEP imagery groups (P =0.001). results of transfer test showed that the forehand accuracy of the PETTLEP imagery group was Significantly less than the physical training (p<0.001), and Combined groups (P =0.002), Whereas, there was no significant difference between the physical training and Combined groups (P <span dir="RTL">=</span>0.125).<span dir="RTL"></span><br> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Based on the findings, it seems the combination of physical exercises with PETTLEP imagery can be more effective as a treatment for multiple sclerosis patients, But Only PETTLEP imagery can not be a Suitable Alternativefor physical training alone تصویرسازی ذهنی, تمرین بدنی, تنیس روی میز, مالتیپل اسکلروزیس Keywords: Mental Imagery, Physical training, Table tennis, Multiple sclerosis 4 4 http://jdisabilstud.org/browse.php?a_code=A-10-998-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Fardin Qaysari فردین قیصری fardin.qeysari@ut.ac.ir 100319475328460038255 100319475328460038255 Yes Department of Motor Behavior, University of Tehran دانشگاه تهران Shahzad Tahmasebi Boroujeni شهزاد طهماسبی بروحنی shahzadtahmaseb@ut.ac.ir 100319475328460038256 100319475328460038256 No Department of Motor behavior, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran دانشگاه تهران Mina Ahmadi Kakavandi مینا احمدی کاکاوندی ahmadi.minaii@gmail.com 100319475328460038257 100319475328460038257 No Department of Sport physiology, University of Kurdistan دانشگاه کردستان