Middle Eastern Journal of Disability Studies
مجله مطالعات ناتوانی
MEJDS
Medical Sciences
http://jdisabilstud.org
1
admin
2322-2840
2322-2840
10.29252/mejds
14
8888
13
fa
jalali
1398
12
1
gregorian
2020
3
1
10
شماره سال ۱۳۹۹
online
1
fulltext
fa
اثربخشی آموزش گروهی مبتنیبر طرحواره بر حساسیت اضطرابی در زنان متأهل
Group Schema-Based Education on Anxiety Sensitivity in Married Women
روانشناسی
Psychology
مقاله پژوهشی اصیل
Original Research Article
<p style="font-style: normal; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12px;"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><strong>هدف:</strong> باتوجه به شیوع فراوان اختلالات اضطرابی و نقش حساسیت اضطرابی در شکلگیری این اختلالات، پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی اثربخشی آموزش مبتنیبر طرحواره بر حساسیت اضطرابی زنان متأهل انجام شد.<br>
<strong>روشبررسی:</strong> پژوهش حاضر، نیمهتجربی با طرح پیشآزمون و پسآزمون و گروه گواه بود. جامعهٔ آماری مراجعان زن متأهل مرکز مشاورهٔ منطقهٔ پنج تهران بودند. حجم نمونه با نرمافزار <span dir="LTR">G*power</span> سی نفر محاسبه شد. داوطلبان بهشیوهٔ دردسترس با درنظرگرفتن معیارهای ورود و بهصورت تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش و گواه قرار گرفتند. حساسیت اضطرابی دو گروه با پرسشنامهٔ تیلور و کاکس (۱۹۹۸) سنجیده شد. گروه آزمایش سیزده جلسه آموزش مبتنیبر طرحواره، دریافت کرد. شرکتکنندگان پس از آموزش و یکماه بعد پرسشنامه را تکمیل نمودند. جهت تحلیل دادهها از نرمافزار <span dir="LTR">SPSS</span> نسخهٔ ۲۴، تحلیل واریانس اندازههای مکرر، آزمون تعقیبی بونفرونی و سطح معناداری برابر با ۰٫۰۵ استفاده شد.<br>
<strong>یافتهها:</strong> میانگین حساسیت اضطرابی در گروه آزمایش پیش و پس از آموزش ۰٫۸<span dir="LTR">±</span>۴٫۶ و ۰٫۷±۳٫۳ و در گروه گواه ۱٫۴±۴٫۱ و ۱٫۵±۴٫۳ بهدست آمد که بیانگر تغییر حساسیت اضطرابی در گروه آزمایش درمقایسه با گروه گواه است (۰٫۰۰۱><em><span dir="LTR">p</span></em>). نتایج پیگیری یکماه بعد در گروه آزمایش ۰٫۶ ± ۳٫۲و در گروه گواه ۰٫۸±۴٫۰۱ بود که نشاندهندهٔ پایداری نتایج بود (۰٫۰۰۱><em><span dir="LTR">p</span></em>).<span style="font-size:8.0pt;"></span><br>
<strong>نتیجهگیری: </strong>براساس یافتههای این پژوهش میتوان نتیجه گرفت که آموزش مبتنیبر طرحواره به بهبود حساسیت اضطرابی میانجامد.</span></span></p>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background & Objectives:</strong> Anxiety disorders are highly prevalent. Anxiety sensitivity, recognized as fear from anxiety symptoms, such as increased heart rate, sweating, and dizziness is a risk factor for anxiety disorders. Patients with anxiety disorders obtain higher scores in anxiety sensitivity, compared to the healthy population. Anxiety sensitivity is defined as the fear of emotions associated with anxiety symptoms and signifies that these symptoms have potential biopsychosocial consequences. A person with high anxiety sensitivity is considered not only stressful, but also relatively catastrophic in ordinary events; however, a healthy individuals with low anxiety sensitivity regards these events as uncomfortable but not catastrophizing. Cognitive theories suggest that individuals with high anxiety sensitivity are biased toward information processing which plays an essential role in the development and persistence of anxiety. Researches have indicated that high anxiety sensitivity levels are predictors of the onset of other mental conditions, such as major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and social anxiety disorder. In addition, anxiety sensitivity has a multidimensional nature, consisting of the fear of physical symptoms, fear of cognitive dyscontrol, and fear of publically observable symptoms. The anxiety sensitivity model indicates that the fear of physical concerns is predictive of panic disorder; the fear of publically observable symptoms is predictive of social anxiety disorder, and the fear of cognitive dyscontrol is predictive of generalized anxiety disorder and depression. Furthermore, the schema is an old construction in cognitive sciences. Jeffrey E. Young created a valuable therapeutic model by integrating cognitive behavior, Gestalt, attachment, object relationships, and psychoanalysis approaches. This therapeutic technique could help to change the early maladaptive schemas. Thus, the present research aimed to study the effects of group schema–based education on anxiety sensitivity in married women.<br>
<strong>Methods:</strong> This was a quasi–experimental study with a pretest–posttest and a control group design. The statistical society was family counseling centers’ clients in the fifth district of Tehran City, Iran. The sample size was estimated using G*power software. Accordingly, 30 married women were selected through convenience sampling technique as per the study inclusion criteria. They were randomly assigned into the experimental and control groups. For evaluating anxiety sensitivity, the study groups completed The Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI) by Taylor and Cox (1998) with Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.86. The experimental group received 13 educational sessions based on schema therapy; however, the control group remained on the waiting list and received the educational sessions after the survey completion. Besides, after the training and one month later, all of the study participants re–completed the ASI. The obtained data were analyzed through repeated–measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni post–hoc test.<br>
<strong>Results</strong>: The mean±SD scores of anxiety sensitivity at pretest and posttest in experimental group were 4.6±0.7 and 3.3±0.8, respectively; in the same values for the control group were 4.1±1.4 and 4.3±1.5, respectively<span dir="RTL">.</span> with the data obtained from the repeated–measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post–hoc test suggested the significant improvement of anxiety sensitivity in the experimental group, compared control group (<em>p</em><0.001). One month later, the mean±SD scores of the study variable were 3.2±0.6 and 4.01±0.8 in the test and control groups, respectively; it highlighted the persistence of study outcomes (<em>p</em><0.001). <span dir="RTL"></span><br>
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> The current research results revealed that the anxiety sensitivity level declined after providing the schema–based education. Moreover, the effect of education persisted until the one–month follow–up phase. Thus, we recommend the application of this educational method to improve mental health in the general population.</div>
طرحوارهدرمانی, حساسیت اضطرابی, زنان متأهل.
Schema therapy, Anxiety sensitivity, Married women.
105
105
http://jdisabilstud.org/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1473-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Razieh
Ashoori
راضیه
عاشوری
razieashoori@yahoo.com
100319475328460052435
100319475328460052435
No
Department of Psychology, Shahrood Branch, Islamic Azad University
گروه روانشناسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شاهرود
Hakhmeh
Aghaei
حکیمه
آقایی
ha.Aghae@gmail.com
100319475328460052436
100319475328460052436
Yes
Department of Psychology, Shahrood Branch, Islamic Azad University
گروه روانشناسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شاهرود
Shahnaz
Noohi
شهناز
نوحی
shahnaznouhi98@gmail.com
100319475328460052437
100319475328460052437
No
Department of Psychology, Shahrood Branch, Islamic Azad University
گروه روانشناسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شاهرود