Middle Eastern Journal of Disability Studies

fa بررسی اثربخشی درمان شناختی‌رفتاری گروهی بر سازگاری روانی نوجوانان دارای اختلال سلوک Investigating the Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy on Psychological Adjustment of Adolescents with Conduct Disorder روانشناسی Psychology مقاله پژوهشی اصیل Original Research Article چکیده زمینه و هدف: اختلال سلوک، اختلالی روان‌پزشکی در کودکان و نوجوانان است که با رفتار هنجارشکنانهٔ مکرر و مداوم و نقض حقوق دیگران مشخص می‌شود. پژوهش حاضر باهدف بررسی اثربخشی درمان شناختی‌رفتاری گروهی بر سازگاری روانی نوجوانان دارای اختلال سلوک انجام شد. روش‌بررسی: این مطالعه از نوع نیمه‌آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون همراه با گروه گواه بود. از بین نوجوانان دارای اختلال سلوک ۱۴ الی ۱۸ سال مراجعه&rlm;کننده به کلینیک&rlm;های روان‌شناسی شهر اهواز در سال ۱۴۰۲، سی نفر داوطلب واجد شرایط دردسترس وارد مطالعه شدند. سپس به‌طور تصادفی پانزده نفر در گروه مداخله و پانزده نفر در گروه گواه قرار گرفتند. امتیازات پرسش‌نامهٔ سازگاری بل (بل، ۱۹۶۱) در دو نوبت زمانی قبل و بعد از درمان شناختی‌رفتاری گروهی مقایسه شد. افراد گروه مداخله طی چهار هفته هشت جلسه درمان شناختی‌رفتاری را هفته‌ای دوبار به‌شکل گروهی دریافت کردند؛ اما برای گروه گواه درمانی انجام نشد. تحلیل داده‌ها بااستفاده از تحلیل کوواریانس در نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخۀ ۱۷ صورت پذیرفت. سطح معناداری آزمون‌ها ۰٫۰۵ بود. یافته‌ها: نتایج مشخص کرد، میانگین متغیر سازگاری روانی و تمامی خرده‌مقیاس‌های آن شامل سازگاری در خانه، سازگاری در سلامتی، سازگاری اجتماعی، سازگاری عاطفی و سازگاری شغلی در نوجوانان دارای اختلال سلوک در گروه مداخله بعد از دریافت درمان درمقایسه با گروه گواه، به‌طور معناداری کاهش پیدا کرد (۰٫۰۰۱>p). همچنین نتایج مربوط به اندازهٔ اثر مشخص کرد، ۶۸درصد از تفاوت بین گروه مداخله و گروه گواه در مؤلفهٔ سازگاری روانی، ناشی‌از اجرای درمان شناختی‌رفتاری گروهی بود. نتیجه‌گیری: براساس نتایج پژوهش حاضر، از درمان شناختی‌رفتاری گروهی می‌توان به‌عنوان درمانی مکمل برای بهبود سازگاری روانی نوجوانان دارای اختلال سلوک استفاده کرد. <div id="gtx-trans" style="position: absolute; left: 162px; top: 181.792px;"> <div class="gtx-trans-icon"></div> </div> Abstract Background & Objectives: Conduct disorder is a psychiatric disorder in children and adolescents that is characterized by frequent and persistent norm–breaking behavior and violation of the rights of others. Adolescents with behavioral problems are more likely to commit crimes, be sexually abused, or use drugs, which may worsen their mental health. Poor academic achievement and career failure may negatively affect the health–related quality of life of these individuals in adulthood. Psychological problems in adolescents with behavioral disorders lead to many problems in their future, and it seems necessary to follow up on their issues and treat them. Cognitive–behavioral group therapy for adolescents with conduct disorder has been less studied, and in these studies, its effect on psychological adjustment has received less attention and investigation. Since no study has investigated the effectiveness of group cognitive behavioral therapy on the psychological adjustment of adolescents with conduct disorder, this study aims to examine the efficacy of this therapy. Methods: This study employed a quasi–experimental design with a pretest–posttest control group. The statistical population consisted of adolescents with conduct disorder who were referred to psychological and psychiatric clinics in Ahvaz City, Iran, in 2023. Among the community members, 30 qualified volunteers were included in the study; 15 were randomly assigned to the intervention group and 15 to the control group. The inclusion criteria were having a conduct disorder with the approval of a psychiatrist, an age range of 14 to 18 years, not using other psychotherapy methods, and drug therapy. The exclusion criteria included absence from a treatment session and failure to complete the questionnaire during the research. All samples completed the consent form to participate in the study. The scores of the Bill Adjustment Questionnaire (Bell, 1961) were compared before and after cognitive behavioral therapy. The initial patient assessment was conducted on the first day and lasted 90 minutes. The patient's file and information, including treatments performed so far, were also completed. The treatment protocol used in this study consisted of 8 sessions of group cognitive–behavioral therapy, developed based on the treatment protocol of Amirkhanloo et al. (2022) and approved by three professors from the Psychology Department of Yazd University of Science and Arts, specializing in cognitive–behavioral therapy. Individuals in the intervention group received 8 cognitive behavioral therapy sessions twice a week in a group setting over four weeks. However, no therapy was provided to the control group. Data analysis was done using covariance analysis in SPSS version 17. The significance level of the tests was set at 0.05. Results: The results showed that the psychological adjustment variable and all its subscales, including adjustment at home, adjustment in health, social adjustment, emotional adjustment, and occupational adjustment, decreased significantly in adolescents with conduct disorder in the intervention group after receiving treatment compared to the control group (p < 0.001). The results regarding the effect size also indicated that 68% of the difference between the intervention group and the control group in the psychological adjustment component was due to the implementation of group cognitive behavioral therapy.  Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, eight 90–minute group cognitive–behavioral therapy sessions lead to the improvement of the psychological adjustment of adolescents with conduct disorder living in Ahvaz city. So, group cognitive–behavioral therapy can be used as a complementary treatment along with other treatment methods to treat psychological problems of adolescents with conduct disorder. درمان شناختی‌رفتاری, سازگاری روانی, نوجوانان دارای اختلال سلوک Cognitive behavioral therapy, Psychological adjustment, Adolescents with conduct disorder 53 53 http://jdisabilstud.org/browse.php?a_code=A-11-3655-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Mohsen Saeidmanesh محسن سعیدمنش m.saeidmanesh@yahoo.com 100319475328460066873 100319475328460066873 Yes Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Science and Arts University, Yazd, Iran دانشیار، گروه روان‌شناسی بالینی، دانشگاه علم و هنر، یزد، ایران Abdollah Mayahi عبدالله میاحی abdollahmayahi68@gmail.com 100319475328460066874 100319475328460066874 No MSc in Child and Adolescent Clinical Psychology, Department of Psychology, Science and Arts University, Yazd, Iran کارشناس ارشد روان‌شناسی بالینی کودک و نوجوان، گروه روان‌شناسی بالینی، دانشگاه علم و هنر، یزد، ایران