Middle Eastern Journal of Disability Studies

fa بررسی تأثیر روان‌درمانی یکپارچه‌نگر بر افکار خودکشی و خودشفقت‌ورزی در افراد دارای ملال جنسیتی Investigating the Effect of Integrative Psychotherapy on Suicidal Thoughts and Self-Compassion in People with Gender Dysphoria روانشناسی Psychology مقاله پژوهشی اصیل Original Research Article چکیده زمینه و هدف: تطابق‌نداشتن بین جنسیتی که فرد تجربه می‌کند و جنسیتی که در جامعه به وی نسبت داده می‌شود، نارضایتی فرد را به‌دنبال دارد؛ بنابراین پژوهش حاضر باهدف بررسی تأثیر روان‌درمانی یکپارچه‌نگر بر افکار خودکشی و خودشفقت‌ورزی در افراد دارای ملال جنسیتی انجام شد. روش‌بررسی: روش پژوهش از نوع آزمایشی با طرح پژوهش از نوع پیش&lrm;آزمون و پس&lrm;آزمون همراه با گروه گواه بود. جامعهٔ آماری را تمامی افراد دارای اختلال ملال جنسیتی در مرکز مداخلهٔ روان‌درمانی در استان اصفهان در زمستان ۱۴۰۱ تشکیل دادند. نمونهٔ آماری پژوهش سی نفر داوطلب واجد شرایط بودند که به‌روش تصادفی ساده در دو گروه آزمایش (پانزده نفر) و گواه (پانزده نفر) قرار گرفتند. براساس نمونه‌گیری دردسترس و مبتنی‌بر هدف، افراد وارد مطالعه شدند. افراد گروه آزمایش نُه جلسهٔ نوددقیقه‌ای آموزش روان‌درمانی یکپارچه‌نگر را دریافت کردند. تمامی پرسش‌نامه‌ها در گروه آزمایش پیش از آزمون و پس از آزمون تکمیل شد. ابزارهای پژوهش مقیاس افکار خودکشی (بک و همکاران، ۱۹۸۸) و فرم کوتاه مقیاس شفقت به خود (نف، ۲۰۰۳) بود. داده‌ها بااستفاده از تحلیل کوواریانس در سطح معناداری ۰٫۰۵ به‌کمک نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخۀ ۲۶ تحلیل شدند. یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد، در پس‌آزمون تفاوت معناداری بین گروه‌های آزمایش و گواه در افکار خودکشی (۰٫۰۳۳=p) و شفقت به خود (۰٫۰۱۴=p) وجود داشت. همچنین ۵۸٫۳درصد از تغییرات افکار خودکشی و ۷۱٫۳درصد از تغییرات شفقت به خود ناشی‌از اثر روان‌درمانی یکپارچه‌نگر بود. نتیجه‌گیری: براساس یافته‌های مطالعه، استفاده از رویکرد روان‌درمانی یکپارچه‌نگر برای کاهش افکار خودکشی و افزایش شفقت به خود در افراد دارای ملال جنسیتی مفید است. Abstract Background & Objectives: Gender dysphoria is often associated with a person's dissatisfaction with physical appearance. Undesirable physical appearance may lead to an uncertain understanding of gender identity. The mismatch between the genders that people experience and the genders to which they are attributed in society leads to dissatisfaction among individuals. Adolescents and young adults with gender dysphoria have more suicidal thoughts than the normal population, as well as self–compassion as a potential barrier to suicidal thoughts. Integrated meta–diagnostic therapy has emerged as the recommended approach to treating multiple disorders, as it is more economical and offers a more efficient strategy for addressing concurrent disorders by identifying common causes and maintenance mechanisms across various disorders, thereby integrating conventional psychotherapy in clinical psychology. Positive psychotherapy has also been explored in research, and the need for extensive investigation into the effectiveness of emerging therapies is recognized. The present study aimed to examine the effect of integrated psychotherapy on suicidal thoughts and self–compassion in people with gender dysphoria. Methods: This study was an experimental clinical trial with a pretest–posttest design and a control group. In this study, the statistical community included all people with gender dysphoria at the Psychotherapy Intervention Center in Isfahan Province, Iran, in the winter of 2022. The statistical sample of the study consisted of 30 qualified volunteers, who were randomly assigned to two groups of witnesses (15 people) and experiments (15 people). Subjects were included in the study based on available and purposive sampling after obtaining the necessary permits to conduct the study from among the registrants. The criteria for inclusion of subjects in the study were having a gender dysphoria and having at least an elementary education. The criteria for exclusion from the study were withdrawal from further participation in the study, failure to complete the questionnaires, and two absences from educational sessions. For screening before the intervention, questionnaires were completed in person by the participants. Members of the experimental and control groups completed the questionnaires before the implementation of the therapeutic intervention and immediately after the completion of the therapeutic sessions. Additionally, informed consent was obtained from the participants before the commencement of the sessions. The subjects of the experimental group received eight 90–minute sessions of integrated psychotherapy training. The intervention was conducted by a psychotherapist under the supervision of an integrative psychotherapist. The control group received no intervention. The research tools were the Scale for Suicide Ideation (Beck et al., 1988) and the Self–compassion Scale–Short Form (Neff, 2003). Data analysis was performed in SPSS software version 26 at two levels: descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. At the descriptive statistics level, mean, standard deviation, percentage, and frequency were used. At the inferential statistics level, multivariate analysis of covariance was used. Data analysis was performed at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The results showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in suicidal thoughts (p=0.033) and self–compassion (p=0.014) at the posttest. Also, 58.3% of the changes in suicidal ideation and 71.3% of the changes in self–compassion were due to the effect of integrative psychotherapy. Conclusion: Based on the study findings, the use of an integrated psychotherapy approach is useful for reducing suicidal thoughts and increasing self–compassion in people with gender dysphoria. روان‌درمانی یکپارچه‌نگر, ملال جنسیتی, افکار خودکشی, شفقت به خود, آسیب به خود Integrative psychotherapy, Gender dysphoria, Suicidal thoughts, Self–compassion, Self–harm 67 67 http://jdisabilstud.org/browse.php?a_code=A-11-3682-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Somayeh Fakorian سمیه فکوریان sh.fa.7020@gmail.com 100319475328460066998 100319475328460066998 No MA Student in Clinical Psychology, Department of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Khorasgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran کارشناسی‌ارشد روان‌شناسی بالینی، گروه علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشکدهٔ علوم انسانی، دانشگاه آزاد واحد خوراسگان، ایران Sima Andalib سیما عندلیب andalibsima@gmail.com 100319475328460066999 100319475328460066999 Yes Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Khorasgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran استادیار، گروه علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشکدهٔ علوم انسانی، دانشگاه آزاد واحد خوراسگان، ایران