Middle Eastern Journal of Disability Studies

fa تعیین اثربخشی درمان شناختی‌رفتاری گروهی بر عزت‌نفس کودکان ۹تا۱۲سالهٔ مبتلا به لکنت زبان Determining the Effectiveness of Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Self-esteem of 9-12 Years Children with Stuttering روانشناسی Psychology مقاله پژوهشی اصیل Original Research Article چکیده زمینه و هدف: لکنت زبان، اختلالی عصبی‌روانی است که منجربه ناروانی گفتار در کودکان می‌شود. پژوهش حاضر باهدف تعیین اثربخشی درمان شناختی‌رفتاری گروهی بر عزت‌نفس کودکان ۹تا۱۲سالهٔ مبتلا به لکنت زبان انجام شد. روش‌بررسی: روش این پژوهش نیمه‌آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون همراه با گروه گواه بود. از بین کودکان مبتلا به لکنت زبان شهر یزد، سی نفر داوطلب واجد شرایط در دامنهٔ سنی ۹تا۱۲ سال به‌صورت دردسترس انتخاب و وارد پژوهش شدند. با گمارش تصادفی پانزده نفر از افراد نمونه در گروه مداخله و پانزده نفر در گروه گواه قرار گرفتند. آزمودنی‌ها با مقیاس عزت‌نفس روزنبرگ (روزنبرگ، ۱۹۶۵) در دو نوبت زمانی قبل و بعد از درمان مقایسه شدند. پروتکل درمانی به‌کاررفته برای هر بیمار گروه مداخله، هشت جلسهٔ شصت‌دقیقه‌ای درمان شناختی‌رفتاری گروهی طی چهار هفته بود؛ اما برای گروه گواه درمانی انجام نشد. تحلیل داده‌ها بااستفاده از تحلیل کوواریانس در نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخهٔ ۲۳ صورت پذیرفت. سطح معناداری آزمون‌ها ۰٫۰۵ بود. یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد، امتیاز آزمون عزت‌نفس در کودکان مبتلا به لکنت زبان در گروه مداخله و بعد از دریافت درمان درمقایسه با گروه گواه به‌طور معناداری افزایش پیدا کرد (۰٫۰۰۱>p)؛ همچنین براساس نتایج مربوط به اندازۀ اثر، ۵۹‌درصد از تفاوت بین گروه مداخله و گروه گواه در متغیر عزت‌نفس ناشی‌از درمان شناختی‌رفتاری بود. نتیجه‌گیری: براساس نتایج پژوهش، درمان شناختی‌رفتاری گروهی را می‌توان به‌عنوان درمانی مؤثر برای بهبود عزت‌نفس در کودکان مبتلا به لکنت زبان استفاده کرد. a Abstract Background & Objectives: Stuttering is a neuropsychiatric disorder. In individuals who stutter, speech incoherence can significantly impact emotional and social well–being on a daily basis. There is a relationship between mood, emotions, and stuttering. For example, children who stutter exhibit less adjustment and more negative moods than children who do not stutter. Children who stutter experience a variety of psychological problems, including problems with self–esteem. Self–esteem is a very determining factor in the treatment of stuttering. Research on the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on stuttering is very limited. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research in this field. Treating self–esteem in children who stutter can significantly help the treatment team to be more optimistic about the treatment results. However, no study has examined the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy on the self–esteem of children who stutter. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effectiveness of group cognitive behavioral therapy on the self–esteem of 9–12 years old children with stuttering. Methods: This quasi–experimental study employed a pretest–posttest design with a control group. A total of 30 eligible volunteers aged 9 to 12 years were selected from among children with stuttering in Yazd City, Iran, in 2023. The sample was randomly assigned to 15 people in the intervention group and 15 in the control group. Based on the therapist's discussions with the children's parents, the sample individuals pledged to cooperate during the research, and there was no dropout. The inclusion criteria were as follows: having stuttering and confirmation from a speech therapist, having a history of at least two years since the onset of stuttering, being between 9 and 12 years old, and not simultaneously using other treatment methods such as medication, psychotherapy, and speech therapy. The exclusion criteria were absent from multiple treatment sessions, and the questionnaire was not completed during the study. During the initial assessment of the children, information such as family medical history and previous treatments were recorded in the patient's file. Parents of the children participating in the study completed an informed consent form, and all parents were assured that information about their children would remain confidential. The scores of the self–esteem variable were compared using the Rosenberg Self–esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965) in two groups at two time points before and after treatment. The treatment protocol for each patient in the intervention group was eight 60–minute group cognitive behavioral therapy sessions over four weeks. However, no treatment was given to the control group. Data analysis was performed using analysis of covariance in SPSS version 23. The significance level of the tests was set at 0.05. Results:  Data analysis showed that the self–esteem test scores in children with stuttering in the intervention group and after treatment increased significantly compared to the control group (p<0.001). Also, based on the effect size results, 59% of the difference between the intervention group and the control group in the self–esteem variable was due to cognitive behavioral therapy. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that group cognitive behavioral therapy has a significant effect on the self–esteem of children with stuttering, and group cognitive behavioral therapy can be used as a complementary treatment alongside other therapeutic methods to treat the self–esteem of children with stuttering. درمان شناختی‌رفتاری, عزت‌نفس, لکنت زبان, کودکان Cognitive behavioral therapy, Self–esteem, Stuttering, Children 141 141 http://jdisabilstud.org/browse.php?a_code=A-11-3890-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Mohadeseh Jafarinasab Ashkezari محدثه جعفری نسب اشکذری mohadesejafarinasab@gmail.com 100319475328460064787 100319475328460064787 No MA in Clinical Psychology of Children and Adolescents, Science and Arts University, Yazd, Iran کارشناس ارشد روان‌شناسی بالینی کودک و نوجوان، دانشگاه علم و هنر، یزد، ایران Mohsen Saeidmanesh محسن سعیدمنش m.saeidmanesh@yahoo.com 100319475328460064788 100319475328460064788 Yes Associate Professor, Science and Arts University, Yazd, Iran دانشیار، دانشگاه علم و هنر، یزد، ایران MohammadReza Yousefi محمدرضا یوسفی yousefi_st3@yahoo.com 100319475328460064789 100319475328460064789 No Assistant Professor, Science and Arts University, Yazd, Iran استادیار، دانشگاه علم و هنر، یزد، ایران