fa رابطۀ خودناتوان‌سازی و حمایت اجتماعی با کیفیت زندگی در افراد نابینا روانشناسی Psychology مقاله پژوهشی اصیل Original Research Article <div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>زمینه و هدف</strong>: از بارزترین گروه‌های دارای ناتوانی، افراد نابینا هستند که وجود معلولیت و نقص بینایی کیفیت زندگی آن‌ها را به‌شدت تحت‌تأثیر قرار می‌دهد. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، تعیین رابطۀ خودناتوان‌سازی و حمایت اجتماعی با کیفیت زندگی افراد نابیناست.&nbsp;<br> <strong>روش بررسی</strong>: طرح پژوهش از نوع هم‌بستگی است. شرکت‌کنندگان پژوهش ۱۳۵ نفر از افراد نابینای بالای پانزده سال شهرهای شیراز و اصفهان بودند که به‌روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند.برای گردآوری اطلاعات از پرسش‌نامۀ کیفیت زندگی نابینایان، مقیاس خودناتوان‌سازیو پرسش‌نامۀ حمایت اجتماعی استفاده شد. برای تحلیل داده‌ها از ضریب هم‌بستگی پیرسون و رگرسیون چندگانه استفاده شد.&nbsp;<br> <strong>یافته‌ها</strong>:&nbsp;یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داد که بین حمایت اجتماعی با کیفیت زندگی افراد نابینا، رابطۀ معناداری به‌صورت مثبت و مستقیم وجود دارد و هرچه حمایت بیشتر باشد، بر میزان کیفیت زندگی افراد نمونه افزوده می‌شود (۰٫۰۱><em>p</em>). از سوی دیگر، بین خودناتوان‌سازی رفتاری و کیفیت زندگی افراد نابینا رابطۀ معناداری به‌صورت منفی و معکوس وجود دارد (۰٫۰۱><em>p</em>). همچنین بین خودناتوان‌سازی ادعایی و کیفیت زندگی این افراد رابطۀ معناداری به‌صورت منفی و معکوس وجود دارد (۰٫۰۵><em>p</em>). نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون چندگانه حاکی از این بود که حمایت اجتماعی ادراک‌شده در پیش‌بینی کیفیت زندگی افراد نابینا، نقش معناداری دارد (۰٫۰۰۱><em>p</em>) و خودناتوان‌سازی ادعایی و رفتاری چون نقش معناداری ندارد، از مدل خارج شد.<br> <strong>نتیجه‌گیری</strong>:&nbsp;براساس نتایج، گسترش خدمات توان‌بخشی برای افزایش حمایت اجتماعی و ایجاد مداخلات به‌منظور کاهش خودناتوان‌سازی در افراد نابینا پیشنهاد می‌شود.</div> <div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background &&nbsp;Objective </strong>: one of the most common groups with impairment is visually impaired individuals whose disability and visual impairment severely affected their quality of life. Life quality of visually impaired individuals has been considered and emphasized as one of the rehabilitation goals by experts with special needs. Of the most important objectives of research conducted on quality life is attention to and identification of variables that affecting prediction and explanation of their quality of life. Variables considered in this research include social support and self-handicapping. Based on some references self-handicapping has a negative correlation with the quality of life of visually impaired individuals and social support has positive correlation with their quality of life. Self-handicapping means creating or claiming an obstacle for successful performance, which in the case of a failure, these obstacles are considered as causes of the failure. Social support is a source of assistance and support from individuals, social groups and society, which is defined as a strategy to deal with stressful lives by recalling assistance from social networks. The aim of the present study was to explain the relationship of self-handicapping and social support with quality of life of visually impaired individuals.&nbsp;<br> <strong>Methods</strong>: The study design was a correlational research. Population of the present study consisted of visually impaired individuals aged from 15 to 35 years in cities of Isfahan and Shiraz (center and south of Iran). A number consisting 135 individuals were selected as participants via the convenience sampling technique. Then, they completed questionnaires. Inclusion criteria was confirmed visual impairment, no alertness or mental disorder, not suffering from other chronic diseases, tendency to participate in the study. In addition, exclusion criterion was incomplete questionnaires. Finally, by removing incomplete questionnaires, a number of 128 copies of questionnaires were statistically analyzed. To collect data, the quality of life in visually impaired people questionnaire, self-handicapping scale, and social support questionnaire were employed. To analyze the data, regression coefficient and multiple regression were used.&nbsp;<br> <strong>Results</strong>: Findings of the study showed that there was a significant positive correlation between social support and life quality of visually impaired individuals and more support increased the quality of life more (<em>p</em><0.01). In addition, there was a significant negative correlation between behavioral self-management and life quality of visually impaired individuals (<em>p</em><0.01). Moreover, there was a significant negative correlation between self-actualization and the life quality of these individuals (<em>p</em><0.05). Results of multiple regression analysis indicated that social support plays a significant role in predicting the life quality of visually impaired individuals. Claimed and behavioral self-handicapping which had no significant roles therefore excluded from the model.<br> <strong>Conclusion</strong>: It seems that visually impaired individuals&rsquo; expectations in the support dimension focus more on emotional needs and positive relationships than on pessimistic behaviors that instill disability. In addition, these individuals avoid entering to chances and opportunities of life through self-handicapping mechanisms. Therefore, become more passive and ultimately experiences lower quality of life over time. According to results, development of rehabilitation services for increasing social support and application of interventions for reducing self-handicapping in visually impaired individuals is highly recommended. In addition, need to intervention programs based on the increase in self-esteem of visually impaired individuals should be considered. Furthermore, with the aim of reinforcing the social support network among those individuals, developed programs should be designed. Additionally, relative particularly family members of visually impaired individuals should have more awareness and sensitivity to social support.</div> کیفیت زندگی, حمایت اجتماعی, خودناتوان سازی, نابینا Quality of life, Social supports, Self-handicapping, Blind 73 73 http://jdisabilstud.org/browse.php?a_code=A-10-45-2&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Ali Farahani علی فراهانی Alifarahani23@gmail.com 100319475328460030379 100319475328460030379 No Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Isfahan دانشکدۀ روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران Ahmad Yarmohammadian احمد یارمحمدیان yarmo879@yahoo.com 100319475328460030380 100319475328460030380 Yes Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Isfahan دانشکدۀ روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران Mokhtar Malekpour مختار ملک پور mokhtarmalekpour@ymail.com 100319475328460030381 100319475328460030381 No Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Isfahan دانشکدۀ روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران Ahmad Abedi احمد عابدی a.abedi44@gmail.com 100319475328460030382 100319475328460030382 No Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Isfahan دانشکدۀ روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران