1- Imam Ali University, Tehran
2- Imam Javad University Yazd
2- Imam Javad University Yazd
Abstract: (43 Views)
Background And Purpose: Military Service And The Conscription System Have Involved A Large Part Of Iranian Society In The Last Century, The Age At Which It Begins Coincides With Youth, Marriage And Family Formation. Soldiers In Military Service With Many Stressful Factors Such As Separation From Family, Support Systems And Loved Ones, Change In Eating Habits, Restrictions On Choice And Freedom Of Action, High And Imposed Discipline, Change Of Location, Change In Sleeping Habits, Performance Anxiety In They Face Expectations, Fear Of Establishing Relationships With Others, And Inability To Solve And Deal With Problems Properly. Among The Components That Are Related To Mental Health Are Cognitive Flexibility, Which Means Adapting To New Situations, And Self-Control, Which Means Self-Control Or Self-Restraint. The Purpose Of Obtaining And Then Reprocessing Specific Emotional Responses, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Which Aims To Create A Link Between Thoughts, Feelings And Actions, And Imagotherapy, With The Aim Of Improving The Mental And Physical Condition Of People Using Mental Imagery, Were Considered. Therefore, The Aim Of The Present Study Was To Compare The Effectiveness Of Emotional Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy And Imagotherapy On Cognitive Flexibility And Self-Control Of Married Soldiers.
Research Method: The Current Research Was A Semi-Experimental Type With A Pre-Test-Post-Test Design With A Control Group. The Statistical Population Of The Research Included All The Married Soldiers Of One Of The Barracks Of The Tehran Armed Forces In 2023. A Number Of 60 Qualified Volunteer Soldiers Were Included In The Study With Available Sampling Method And Were Divided Into Four Groups Of 15 People (Three Experimental Groups And One Control Group). The First Experimental Group Received Emotional Therapy, The Second Experimental Group Received Cognitive Therapy. Behavioral And The Third Experimental Group Received Imago-Based Therapy In Eight 50-Minute Sessions; But No Intervention Was Provided For The Control Group. The Tools Of This Research Are The Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire Of Dennis And Vander Wall (2010), Whose Concurrent Validity With Beck's Depression Questionnaire Is Equal To -0.39 And Its Reliability According To Cronbach's Alpha Method For The Whole Scale Is 0.91 And With The Test-Retest Method Of 0.81 And Tanji Et Al.'S Self-Control Questionnaire (2004), Whose Convergent Validity Was 0.34 And Cronbach's Alpha Was 0.81 With Taghilu's Moral Behavior Questionnaire (2017). Data Analysis Was Done Using The Method Of Analysis Of Variance With Repeated Measurements And Bonferroni's Post Hoc Test At A Significance Level Of 0.01 According To The Alpha Level, Which Was Done By Spss-26 Software.
Findings: The Results Of Analysis Of Variance With Repeated Measurement Showed That There Is A Significant Difference Between The Three Stages Of Pre-Test, Post-Test And Follow-Up Of Self-Control Variable (P<0.001) And Cognitive Flexibility (P<0.001), Which Indicates The Change Of The Group. In The Pre-Test, Post-Test And Follow-Up Times. In The Interaction Between Time And Group Membership, The Results Of Variance Analysis With Repeated Measurements Were Equal To (P<0.001) In The Self-Control Variable And (P<0.001) In The Cognitive Flexibility Variable, Since The Significance Level Was Less Than 0.5 Was 0, So It Can Be Concluded That The Changes Made In The Time Factor Were Different For The Control Groups, Emotional Training, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy And Imagotherapy. Bonferroni's Follow-Up Test Has Been Used To Compare Control Groups, Emotion-Oriented Training, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, And Imagotherapy In The Post-Test Stage And Determine The Continuity Of Effectiveness Or The Follow-Up Stage. In The Self-Control Variable, The Control Group And The Emotion-Oriented Group, Cognitive-Behavioral And Imagotherapy Were Significant At The Level Of 0.001. Also, In The Cognitive Flexibility Variable Of The Control Group With The Emotion-Oriented Group, Cognitive-Behavioral And Imagotherapy Were Significant At The Level Of 0.001. Further, The Results Showed That Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Compared To Emotional Therapy And Emotional Therapy Compared To Imagotherapy Had No Significant Difference On Cognitive Flexibility And Self-Control Of Married Soldiers, But Imagotherapy Compared To Cognitive Behavioral Therapy On Cognitive Flexibility And Self-Control Of Soldiers. Married Has A Significant Difference.
Conclusion: Based On The Research Findings, Imago Therapy Is More Effective Compared To Emotional Therapy And Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; As A Result, Imagotherapy Can Be Used As A Preventive And Improvement Measure To Increase The Mental Health Of Married Soldiers.
Research Method: The Current Research Was A Semi-Experimental Type With A Pre-Test-Post-Test Design With A Control Group. The Statistical Population Of The Research Included All The Married Soldiers Of One Of The Barracks Of The Tehran Armed Forces In 2023. A Number Of 60 Qualified Volunteer Soldiers Were Included In The Study With Available Sampling Method And Were Divided Into Four Groups Of 15 People (Three Experimental Groups And One Control Group). The First Experimental Group Received Emotional Therapy, The Second Experimental Group Received Cognitive Therapy. Behavioral And The Third Experimental Group Received Imago-Based Therapy In Eight 50-Minute Sessions; But No Intervention Was Provided For The Control Group. The Tools Of This Research Are The Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire Of Dennis And Vander Wall (2010), Whose Concurrent Validity With Beck's Depression Questionnaire Is Equal To -0.39 And Its Reliability According To Cronbach's Alpha Method For The Whole Scale Is 0.91 And With The Test-Retest Method Of 0.81 And Tanji Et Al.'S Self-Control Questionnaire (2004), Whose Convergent Validity Was 0.34 And Cronbach's Alpha Was 0.81 With Taghilu's Moral Behavior Questionnaire (2017). Data Analysis Was Done Using The Method Of Analysis Of Variance With Repeated Measurements And Bonferroni's Post Hoc Test At A Significance Level Of 0.01 According To The Alpha Level, Which Was Done By Spss-26 Software.
Findings: The Results Of Analysis Of Variance With Repeated Measurement Showed That There Is A Significant Difference Between The Three Stages Of Pre-Test, Post-Test And Follow-Up Of Self-Control Variable (P<0.001) And Cognitive Flexibility (P<0.001), Which Indicates The Change Of The Group. In The Pre-Test, Post-Test And Follow-Up Times. In The Interaction Between Time And Group Membership, The Results Of Variance Analysis With Repeated Measurements Were Equal To (P<0.001) In The Self-Control Variable And (P<0.001) In The Cognitive Flexibility Variable, Since The Significance Level Was Less Than 0.5 Was 0, So It Can Be Concluded That The Changes Made In The Time Factor Were Different For The Control Groups, Emotional Training, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy And Imagotherapy. Bonferroni's Follow-Up Test Has Been Used To Compare Control Groups, Emotion-Oriented Training, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, And Imagotherapy In The Post-Test Stage And Determine The Continuity Of Effectiveness Or The Follow-Up Stage. In The Self-Control Variable, The Control Group And The Emotion-Oriented Group, Cognitive-Behavioral And Imagotherapy Were Significant At The Level Of 0.001. Also, In The Cognitive Flexibility Variable Of The Control Group With The Emotion-Oriented Group, Cognitive-Behavioral And Imagotherapy Were Significant At The Level Of 0.001. Further, The Results Showed That Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Compared To Emotional Therapy And Emotional Therapy Compared To Imagotherapy Had No Significant Difference On Cognitive Flexibility And Self-Control Of Married Soldiers, But Imagotherapy Compared To Cognitive Behavioral Therapy On Cognitive Flexibility And Self-Control Of Soldiers. Married Has A Significant Difference.
Conclusion: Based On The Research Findings, Imago Therapy Is More Effective Compared To Emotional Therapy And Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; As A Result, Imagotherapy Can Be Used As A Preventive And Improvement Measure To Increase The Mental Health Of Married Soldiers.
Keywords: Cognitive flexibility, Self-control, Emotionally Focused Therapy, Cognitive behavioral therapy, Imago Therapy
Type of Study: Original Research Article |
Subject:
Psychology
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