Middle Eastern Journal of Disability Studies

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Hassani S F, Tizdast T, Zarbakhsh M R. A Structural Model of Psychological Wellbeing Based on Early Maladaptive Schemas, Self-Compassion, and Hope in Women With Multiple Sclerosis. MEJDS 2021; 11 :73-73
URL: http://jdisabilstud.org/article-1-2292-en.html

Background & Objectives: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is the most common myelin degenerative disease. Individuals with chronic diseases encounter psychological problems in addition to their physical conditions, that mutually affect their disease. Declined biopsychological health of women with MS adversely impacts the family; with their chronic diseases, the whole system will be disrupted. Therefore, due to their numerous psychological problems, like distress, and considering the importance of Early Maladaptive Schemas (EMSs), self–compassion, and hope as well as the role of each of these variables in women's Psychological Wellbeing (PWB), we decided to investigate this area. Thus, the current study aimed to explore the structural model of PWB based on EMSs, self–compassion, and hope in women diagnosed with MS.
Methods: This descriptive–analytical research applied structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all women with MS referring to Imam Khomeini and Milad Hospitals in Tehran City, Iran, from September to November 2019. By purposive sampling method, 300 subjects diagnosed with MS were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. The inclusion criteria included the age range of 40–60 years, having high school certification or above, and being diagnosed within the last 6 months or sooner. The exclusion criterion of the study was providing incomplete questionnaires. The research tools were Psychological WellbeingScale (Ryff, 1989), Young’s Schema Questionnaire–Short Form (Young, 1998), Self–Compassion Scale (Neff, 2003), and Life Expectancy Questionnaire (Snyder et al., 1991). Descriptive statistics, including mean and standard deviation, were used to analyze the obtained data. Structural equation modeling and Pearson correlation coefficient were applied in AMOS and SPSS to analyze the collected data. The significance level of the tests was considered 0.05.
Results: The present study results indicated that EMSs (β=–0.70, p<0.001), self–compassion (β=–0.18, p<0.001), and hope (β= –0.87, p<0.001) presented a direct effect on PWB. Self–Compassion (β=0.75, p<0.001) provided a positive and direct effect on PWB. Furthermore, hope positively and directly influenced PWB (β=0.53, p<0.001). EMSs presented an effect on PWB with a mediating role of self–compassion (an indirect effect) (β=–0.15, p=0.025). Moreover, EMSs affected PWB with a mediating role of hope (an indirect effect) (β=–0.46, p<0.001). In addition, the goodness of fit indices supported the optimal fit of the research model with the collected data (c2/df=1.38, CFI=0.97, GFI=0.97, AGFI=0.95, RMSEA=0.045).
Conclusion: Based on the current research results, the mediating role of self–compassion and hope in the effect of EMSs on PWB can provide a suitable model to explain psychological improvement among women with MS.