1- PH.D Student of Department of Educational Psychology, Faculty of literature, Humanities and Social Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2- Department of Psychology and Educational of Exceptional children, Faculty of Psychology and Education Science
3- Department of General and Clinical psychology, Faculty of literature, Humanities and Social Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University
2- Department of Psychology and Educational of Exceptional children, Faculty of Psychology and Education Science
3- Department of General and Clinical psychology, Faculty of literature, Humanities and Social Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University
Abstract: (400 Views)
| Aim and Background: Previous studies have shown that educational interventions are effective in reducing the behavioral problems of children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, but there is a research gap in the effectiveness of these interventions on behavioral Difficulties. If untreated, this disorder could lead to academic failure and isolation from friends. Available treatments for ADHD include pharmacological and non–pharmacological interventions. In the first line treatment of this disorder, education of parents, have a special place in order to reduce its syndrome. The findings obtained from the research report different results, some of which indicate the lack of impact of interventions on children's behavioral problems. Considering the high prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and its adverse effect on the communication and social skills of these children, the need for timely intervention and the design of appropriate educational methods to reduce behavioral problems is of particular importance. Aim of the present research was to develop a Family Education Program based on the model of Behavior Management for Parents and study its effectiveness on reduction of Behavioral Difficulties in their children with Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder. Methods and Materials: This study was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test post-test design and a control group. the statistical population of this study included all children with ADHD and their parents, in primary schools of Qazvin city. population of which 40 ADHD students were chosen as a sample using random multi-stage cluster sampling model. subjects were selected and randomly assigned into of experimental and control groups (20 each). The criteria for selecting parents according to the entry conditions of the subjects, having a child with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, no divorce in the family, the absence of mental disorders in the parents and constant participation in training sessions, and the entry conditions of children having mixed-type attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, drug use, having an intelligence above 90 and no coexistence of other mental disorders. To evaluate Behavioral Difficulties, Conner's Parents rating of childhood behavior problems (Conners et al., 1987) and clinical interviews were employed. conners estimated the test-retest reliability of this test to be 0.72 to 0.92. The reliability coefficient of the original version of the scale was reported as 0.89 using Cronbach's alpha. To Assessment intelligence of the subjects, Raven’s Progressive Matrices (Raven, 1947) was used. Raven reported the reliability coefficient of this test with the method of retesting the range of correlation coefficient between 0.85 and 0.98 and in terms of halving the range of coefficients between 0.88 and 0.98. Intervention package consisted of a ten-session treatment protocol on parent’s behavior management based on behavioral model. The parents of the experimental group participated in ten sessions of behavioral management training. For the control group, no training was provided in this field. In this study, fathers and mothers of both groups completed the scale of behavioral problems separately in the pre-test and post-test. To analyze data, descriptive statistics mean and standard deviation and inferential statistics univariate covariance analysis to control the pretest effect was utilized in SPSS version 24. The significance level of the tests was considered 0.05. Findings: The results showed that from the point of view of mothers and fathers, there was a difference in the condition of the children of the two experimental and control groups after the implementation of the Family-Oriented Training Program based on Parents Behavioral Management, in reducing children's behavioral problems (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Based on the findings of the research, it is concluded that, from the parents' point of view, the family-oriented Training Program based on Parents behavioral management is effective and effective in reducing the behavioral problems of their children. |
Keywords: Family Oriented Training Program, Parent Behavioral Management, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Behavioral Difficulties
Type of Study: Original Research Article |
Subject:
Psychology
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