Volume 10 -
MEJDS (2020) 10: 96 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Haddadi Bahram A, Taklavi S, Narimani M. Comparing the Effects of Reality Therapy and Transactional Analysis Therapy on Perfectionism in Women with Imposter Syndrome. MEJDS 2020; 10 :96-96
URL: http://jdisabilstud.org/article-1-1927-en.html
URL: http://jdisabilstud.org/article-1-1927-en.html
1- Department of Psychology, Ardabil Branch, Islamic Azad University
Abstract: (2396 Views)
Background & Objectives: Imposter syndrome is among the new variables that have been studied concerning individuals who are skeptical about their abilities and have a general feeling of inadequacy and fear of being evaluated. A variable that could influence imposter syndrome is perfectionism. Perfectionism is defined as an individual's enduring tendency to reach unattainable standards and to strive to achieve them with self–critical appraisals of individual performance. Perfectionism comprises three personality dimensions of self–centered, other–oriented, and community–oriented perfectionism. A novel approach that could help these individuals is reality therapy. It is based on emotional choices and conflicts that emphasize reality, the acceptance of responsibility, and understanding of right and wrong, as well as their relationship to one's daily life. This theory specifies why individuals make inefficient choices, and how to make the right choices and reach them. This approach is based on understanding past and present interpersonal problems, i.e., a systematic method of analyzing behavior, accepting responsibility, and acquiring awareness. The efficacy of cross–behavioral analysis therapy has been investigated in various studies with satisfactory outcomes. Individuals with imposter syndrome, despite their abilities and accomplishments, have no positive inner feelings about their abilities. Considering the above–mentioned points, as well as the increase in the number of individuals suffering from this disease, if not timely evaluated and treated, it could cause irreversible harm to the individual and society. The current study aimed to compare the effects of reality therapy and transactional analysis therapy on perfectionism in women with imposter syndrome.
Methods: This was a quasi–experimental study with a pretest–posttest and a control group design. The statistical population of the study consisted of women with imposter syndrome referring to the counseling centers of Rasht City, Iran, in 2018. After reviewing the clinical records and diagnostic interviews of 30 women who scored higher than one standard deviation of the mean value on the Clans and Imes imposter syndrome scale (1978) were selected as the study sample. Accordingly, they were randomly assigned to two experimental and one control groups. Before treatment, both groups responded to the perfectionism scale (2008). Moreover, the experimental group received 16 sessions of interaction therapy for 4 hours. The control group received no treatment during this period. Both groups were evaluated at the posttest. The obtained data were analyzed by Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) using SPSS.
Results: The current study findings indicated that reality therapy and transactional analysis therapy were effective on self–oriented, other–oriented, and community–oriented perfectionism in the evaluated women with imposter syndrome (p<0.001). However, there was no significant difference between the two treatments in this regard.
Conclusion: Reality therapy and transactional analysis therapy highly affected perfectionism and its dimensions in women with imposter syndrome. Those with imposter syndrome are perfectionists who have high standards for self–evaluation; one of their main characteristics is the concern for error. Reality mutual behavior analysis, by educating how to analyze relationships, especially the types of complementary, intersectional, and latent, teaches individuals to communicate effectively.
Methods: This was a quasi–experimental study with a pretest–posttest and a control group design. The statistical population of the study consisted of women with imposter syndrome referring to the counseling centers of Rasht City, Iran, in 2018. After reviewing the clinical records and diagnostic interviews of 30 women who scored higher than one standard deviation of the mean value on the Clans and Imes imposter syndrome scale (1978) were selected as the study sample. Accordingly, they were randomly assigned to two experimental and one control groups. Before treatment, both groups responded to the perfectionism scale (2008). Moreover, the experimental group received 16 sessions of interaction therapy for 4 hours. The control group received no treatment during this period. Both groups were evaluated at the posttest. The obtained data were analyzed by Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) using SPSS.
Results: The current study findings indicated that reality therapy and transactional analysis therapy were effective on self–oriented, other–oriented, and community–oriented perfectionism in the evaluated women with imposter syndrome (p<0.001). However, there was no significant difference between the two treatments in this regard.
Conclusion: Reality therapy and transactional analysis therapy highly affected perfectionism and its dimensions in women with imposter syndrome. Those with imposter syndrome are perfectionists who have high standards for self–evaluation; one of their main characteristics is the concern for error. Reality mutual behavior analysis, by educating how to analyze relationships, especially the types of complementary, intersectional, and latent, teaches individuals to communicate effectively.
Type of Study: Original Research Article |
Subject:
Psychology
References
1. Le L. Unpacking the imposter syndrome and mental health as a person of color first generation college student within institutions of higher education. McNair Research Journal SJSU. 2019;15(1):5.
2. Chapman A. Using the assessment process to overcome Imposter Syndrome in mature students. Journal of Further and Higher Education. 2017;41(2):112–9. [DOI]
3. Wang KT, Sheveleva MS, Permyakova TM. Imposter syndrome among Russian students: The link between perfectionism and psychological distress. Personality and Individual Differences. 2019;143:1–6. [DOI]
4. Reisi Z, Salehi M. Introducing Imposter Syndrome (Successful People Disoider), Its Causes, Signs and Consequences. Knowledge & Research in Applied Psychology. 2017;10(35):207. [Persian]
5. Villwock JA, Sobin LB, Koester LA, Harris TM. Impostor syndrome and burnout among American medical students: a pilot study. Int J Med Educ. 2016 31;7:364–9. [DOI]
6. Maqsood H, Shakeel HA, Hussain H, Khan AR, Ali B, Ishaq A, et al. The descriptive study of imposter syndrome in medical students. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences. 2018;6(10):3431–4. [DOI]
7. Egan SJ. An investigation of positive and negative perfectionism (Doctoral dissertation, Curtin University). Curtin University of technology human;2005.
8. Hashemi L, Latifian M. A study of relationships between goal orientation and perfectionism in pre-university students. Quarterly Journal of Psychological Studies. 2010;5(3):9. [Persian] [DOI]
9. Leary MR, Patton KM, Orlando AE, Funk WW. The impostor phenomenon: self-perceptions, reflected appraisals, and interpersonal strategies. J Pers. 2000;68(4):725–56. [DOI]
10. Bhargava R. The use of reality therapy with a depressed deaf adult. Clinical Case Studies. 2013;12(5):388–96. [DOI]
11. Yao Y-W, Chen P-R, Li CR, Hare TA, Li S, Zhang J-T, et al. Combined reality therapy and mindfulness meditation decrease intertemporal decisional impulsivity in young adults with Internet gaming disorder. Computers in Human Behavior. 2017;68:210–6. [DOI]
12. Malinvaud D, Londero A, Niarra R, Peignard P, Warusfel O, Viaud-Delmon I, et al. Auditory and visual 3D virtual reality therapy as a new treatment for chronic subjective tinnitus: Results of a randomized controlled trial. Hear Res. 2016;333:127–35. [DOI]
13. Gjurković T, Tudor K. Treatment Stages in Working with Children: An Approach Rooted in Transactional Analysis and Play Therapy. Transactional Analysis Journal. 2018;48(3):242–57. [DOI]
14. Tangolo AE, Massi A. A Contemporary perspective on transactional analysis group therapy. Transactional Analysis Journal. 2018;48(3):209–23. [DOI]
15. Van Rijn B, Wild C. Comparison of transactional analysis group and individual psychotherapy in the treatment of depression and anxiety: Routine outcomes evaluation in community clinics. Transactional Analysis Journal. 2016;46(1):63–74. [DOI]
16. Besharat M. Construction and validation of Tehran multidimensional perfectionism scale. Psychological Research. 2007;10(1):67-49.
17. Clance PR, Imes SA. The imposter phenomenon in high achieving women: Dynamics and therapeutic intervention. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research & Practice. 1978;15(3):241.
18. Haddadi Bahram A, Khalatbari J, Qorban Shiroodi Sh. The study of relationship between emotional intelligence and self-esteem with imposter syndrome. Journal of Fundamentals of Mental Health. 2011; 13(1): 30-41.[Persian]
19. Berne E. Transactional Analysis. Fasih E (Persian translator). Tehran: Press Farhang nashr; 2019.
20. Glaser W. Reality Therapy:A New Approach to psychiatry. Sahebi A (Persian translator). Tehran: Saye Sokhan publication;2017,pp:24-31.
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
