Volume 10 -
MEJDS (2020) 10: 157 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Naghibi F, Ahadi H, Tajeri B, Seairafi M R. Effects of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Training on Pain and Quality of Life in Patients With Thalassemia Major. MEJDS 2020; 10 :157-157
URL: http://jdisabilstud.org/article-1-2089-en.html
URL: http://jdisabilstud.org/article-1-2089-en.html
1- Department of Psychology, Kish International Branch, Islamic Azad University
2- Department of Clinical Psychology, Allameh Tabatabaei University
3- Department of Psychology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University
2- Department of Clinical Psychology, Allameh Tabatabaei University
3- Department of Psychology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University
Abstract: (1658 Views)
Background & Objectives: Thalassemia is among the most prevalent chronic and inherited diseases. This condition is also one of the most common inherited diseases in Iran. Frequent visits of these patients to medical centers for blood transfusion change their lifestyle, and lead to frequent absences from school and work, decreased social activities, increased anxiety, the lack of self–confidence, and the fear of premature death. Additionally, this condition presents adverse effects on the mental health of other family members. Considering the prevalence of thalassemia major and the occurrence of numerous biopsychological problems in the affected individuals as well as their families, and the importance of pain structures and quality of life in these patients due to its chronic and debilitating nature, reducing pain and increasing quality of life can be effective in improving their mental status. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effects of Mindfulness–Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) training on pain and quality of life in patients with thalassemia major.
Methods: This was a quasi–experimental study with a pretest–posttest and a control group design. The statistical population of this study included all patients with thalassemia major who were referred to specialized centers and hospitals in Bandar Abbas City, Iran, in 2019. In total, 50 eligible patients were included in the study. Then, they were randomly divided into two groups of MBSR training and control. The required number of samples was calculated based on similar studies, considering the effect size of 0.40, confidence level of 0.95, test power of 0.80, and the sample dropout rate of 10% (n=25/group). The inclusion criteria of the study included the following: age of over 16 years, receiving the diagnosis of thalassemia major by an oncologist, having no psychiatric disorder (based on a clinical psychologist’s interview), and receiving no other psychiatric treatment. The exclusion criteria were the unwillingness of individuals to continue cooperation with the research project, and absence from more than two intervention sessions. The pretest and posttest data were collected using the Quality of Life Questionnaire (Ware, 1994) and the Brief Pain Questionnaire (Cleeland et al., 1996). The experimental group underwent MBSR training based on Kabat–Zinn et al.'s training package (1990) for eight 90–minute sessions per week. The obtained data were analyzed by one–way Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) in SPSS. The significance level of the tests was considered 0.05.
Results: Data analysis suggested that MBSR training affected quality of life (p>0.001) and its components, including physical functioning (p>0.001), physical function limitation (p>0.001), emotional role limitation (p>0.001), vitality (p>0.001), mental health (p>0.001), social functioning (p>0.001), physical pain and general health (p>0.001), and pain intensity (p>0.001). The effect size of pain intensity and quality of life were 0.67 and 0.52, respectively. Furthermore, the effect of quality of life components, including physical functioning was equal to 0.55, physical function limitation equaled 0.76, emotional role limitation was measured as 0.71, vitality was equal to 0.64, mental health was calculated as 0.72, social functioning was measured as 0.76, physical pain was equal to 0.62, general health equaled 0.76, and pain intensity was equal to 0.67.
Conclusion: Based on the current research findings, MBSR training is an efficient, practical, and effective method in improving the severity of pain and increasing the quality of life among patients with thalassemia major.
Methods: This was a quasi–experimental study with a pretest–posttest and a control group design. The statistical population of this study included all patients with thalassemia major who were referred to specialized centers and hospitals in Bandar Abbas City, Iran, in 2019. In total, 50 eligible patients were included in the study. Then, they were randomly divided into two groups of MBSR training and control. The required number of samples was calculated based on similar studies, considering the effect size of 0.40, confidence level of 0.95, test power of 0.80, and the sample dropout rate of 10% (n=25/group). The inclusion criteria of the study included the following: age of over 16 years, receiving the diagnosis of thalassemia major by an oncologist, having no psychiatric disorder (based on a clinical psychologist’s interview), and receiving no other psychiatric treatment. The exclusion criteria were the unwillingness of individuals to continue cooperation with the research project, and absence from more than two intervention sessions. The pretest and posttest data were collected using the Quality of Life Questionnaire (Ware, 1994) and the Brief Pain Questionnaire (Cleeland et al., 1996). The experimental group underwent MBSR training based on Kabat–Zinn et al.'s training package (1990) for eight 90–minute sessions per week. The obtained data were analyzed by one–way Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) in SPSS. The significance level of the tests was considered 0.05.
Results: Data analysis suggested that MBSR training affected quality of life (p>0.001) and its components, including physical functioning (p>0.001), physical function limitation (p>0.001), emotional role limitation (p>0.001), vitality (p>0.001), mental health (p>0.001), social functioning (p>0.001), physical pain and general health (p>0.001), and pain intensity (p>0.001). The effect size of pain intensity and quality of life were 0.67 and 0.52, respectively. Furthermore, the effect of quality of life components, including physical functioning was equal to 0.55, physical function limitation equaled 0.76, emotional role limitation was measured as 0.71, vitality was equal to 0.64, mental health was calculated as 0.72, social functioning was measured as 0.76, physical pain was equal to 0.62, general health equaled 0.76, and pain intensity was equal to 0.67.
Conclusion: Based on the current research findings, MBSR training is an efficient, practical, and effective method in improving the severity of pain and increasing the quality of life among patients with thalassemia major.
Type of Study: Original Research Article |
Subject:
Psychology
References
1. Mirzaei K. The relationship between social support and depression in patients with thalassemia major in Bushehr, Iran. Nursing of the Vulnerables. 2015;2(4):1-4. [Article]
2. Azarkeivan A, Hajibeigi B, Alavian SM, Lankarani MM, Assari S. Associates of poor physical and mental health-related quality of life in beta thalassemia-major/intermedia. J Res Med Sci. 2009;14(6):349-68.
3. Arian M, Soleimani M, Fakhr-Movahedi A, Oghazian MB, Badiee Z. Quality of life in patients with Thalassemia Major: a concept analysis using rodgers’ evolutionary method. International Journal of Pediatrics. 2020;8(5):11197–217. [DOI]
4. Patel P, Beamish P, Silva TL da, Kaushalya D, Premawardhena A, Williams S, et al. Examining depression and quality of life in patients with thalassemia in Sri Lanka. International Journal of Noncommunicable Diseases. 2019;4(1):27.
5. Bakhshi R, Akaberian S, Bahreini M, Mirzaei K, Kiani J. The effect of group counseling on the quality of life in patients with major thalassemia referred to the Thalassemia treatment center in Bushehr. Pajouhan Scientific Journal. 2018;16(3):11–9. [Persian] [DOI]
6. Ismail A, Campbell MJ, Ibrahim HM, Jones GL. Health related quality of life in Malaysian children with Thalassaemia. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2006;4:39. [DOI]
7. Baghianimoghadam MH, Sharifirad G, Rahaei Z, Baghianimoghadam B, Heshmati H. Health related quality of life in children with thalassaemia assessed on the basis of SF-20 questionnaire in Yazd, Iran: a case-control study. Cent Eur J Public Health. 2011;19(3):165–9.
8. Anwar K, Waqar S. Psychopathological tendencies and quality of life among patients with Thalassemia major. Rawal Medical Journal. 2018;43(1):32–8.
9. Salehi M, Mirbehbahani NB, Jahazi A, Aghebati Amlashi Y. General health of beta-thalassemia major patients in Gorgan, Iran. J Gorgan Uni Med Sci. 2014;16(1):120–5. [Persian] [Article]
10. Giusti A, Pinto V, Forni GL, Pilotto A. Management of beta-thalassemia-associated osteoporosis. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2016;1368(1):73–81. [DOI]
11. Çaytemel C, Topaloğlu Demir F, Büyükbabani N, Türkoğlu Z, Uzuner EG. Multifactorial painful leg ulcers due to hyperhomocysteinemia, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 4G/5G heterozygote gene mutation, and beta Thalassemia minor: a case report. Int J Low Extrem Wounds. 2019;18(3):339–41. [DOI]
12. Pakbaz Z, Treadwell M, Yamashita R, Quirolo K, Foote D, Quill L, et al. Quality of life in patients with thalassemia intermedia compared to thalassemia major. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2005;1054:457–61. [DOI]
13. Madmoli M, Madmoli Y, Rahmati P, Adavi A, Yousefi N, Gheisari Z, et al. Quality of life and some related factors in patients with beta thalassemia major in southwest Iran. Journal of Client-Centered Nursing Care. 2017;3(2):139–46. [DOI]
14. Jabbarifard F, Solati K, sharifi, Ghazanfari A. Effectiveness of cognitive therapy based on mindfulness on perceived stress, resilience and quality of life in thalassemic major patients. Journal of Clinical Nursing and Midwifery. 2019;7(4):296–307. [Persian] [Article]
15. Pouy S, Attari Peikani F, Nourmohammadi H, Sanei P, Tarjoman A, Borji M. Investigating the effect of mindfulness-based training on psychological status and quality of life in patients with breast cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2018;19(7):1993–8. [DOI]
16. Ghadampour E, Moradizadeh S, Shahkarami M. The effectiveness of mindfulness training on increasing happiness and improving quality of life in elderly. Aging Psychology. 2018;4(1):27–38. [Persian] [Article]
17. Jafari A, Shahabi SR. Effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction on state/trait anxiety and quality of life in women with obesity. Feyz. 2017;21(1):83–93. [Persian] [Article]
18. Porabasi Z. Asarbakhshi ravesh kahesh stress mobtani bar zehn–agahi dar salamat ravan, keyfiyat zendegi, paziresh dard va shedat an dar bimaran mobtala be sardard–haye taneshi mozmen [The effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction method on mental health, quality of life, acceptance of pain and its intensity in patients with chronic stress headaches] [Thesis for M.Sc.]. [Tabriz, Iran]: University of Tabriz; 2014. [Persian]
19. Mobseri M. Barrasi asarbakhshi ravesh kahesh stress mobtani bar zehn–agahi bar bavarhaye marbout be dard, keyfiyat zendegi va khashm zanan mobtala be rheumatoid arthritis shahr Ahvaz [The effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction method on beliefs about pain, quality of life and anger in women with rheumatoid arthritis in Ahvaz] [Thesis for M.Sc.]. [Ahvaz, Iran]: Shahid Chamran University;2014. [Persian]
20. Dabaghi Zarif S. Barrasi asarbakhshi zehn–agahi mobtani bar kahesh stress bar salamt ravan va keyfiyat zendegi bimaran mobtala be syndrome roode tahrik pazir [The effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction on mental health and quality of life in patients with irritable bowel syndrome] [Thesis for M.Sc.]. [Tehran, Iran]: Payam Nour University, Tehran Branch; 2014. [Persian]
21. Raj A, Kumar P. Efficacy of Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR): a brief overview. Journal of Disability Management and Rehabilitation. 2018;4(1):20–8.
22. Rahmani Fard T, Kalantarkousheh SM, Faramarzi M. The effect of mindfulness-based cognitive psychotherapy on quality of life in infertile women. Journal of hayat. 2017;23(3):277–89. [Persian] [Article]
23. Masumian S, Shairi MR, Hashemi M. The Effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction on quality of life of the patients with chronic low back pain. Anesthesiology and Pain. 2013;4(3):25–37. [Persian] [Article]
24. Abdolghadery M, Kafee M, Saberi A, Aryapouran S. The effectiveness of Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) and Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) on decreasing pain, depression and anxiety of patients with chronic low back pain. J Shahid Sadoughi Uni Med Sci. 2014;21(6):795–807. [Persian] [Article]
25. Teare MD, Dimairo M, Shephard N, Hayman A, Whitehead A, Walters SJ. Sample size requirements to estimate key design parameters from external pilot randomised controlled trials: a simulation study. Trials. 2014;15(1):264-70. [DOI]
26. Ware JE. The status of health assessment 1994. Annu Rev Public Health. 1995;16:327–54. [DOI]
27. Sakzewski L, Carlon S, Shields N, Ziviani J, Ware RS, Boyd RN. Impact of intensive upper limb rehabilitation on quality of life: a randomized trial in children with unilateral cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2012;54(5):415–23. [DOI]
28. Jafari H, Lahsaeizadeh S, Jafari P, Karimi M. Quality of life in thalassemia major: reliability and validity of the Persian version of the SF-36 questionnaire. J Postgrad Med. 2008;54(4):273–5. [DOI]
29. Cleeland CS, Nakamura Y, Mendoza TR, Edwards KR, Douglas J, Serlin RC. Dimensions of the impact of cancer pain in a four country sample: new information from multidimensional scaling. Pain. 1996;67(2–3):267–73. [DOI]
30. Atkinson TM, Mendoza TR, Sit L, Passik S, Scher HI, Cleeland C, et al. The Brief Pain Inventory and its “pain at its worst in the last 24 hours” item: clinical trial endpoint considerations. Pain Med. 2010;11(3):337–46. [DOI]
31. Vakilzadeh P, Nakhaee N. The reliability and validity of the persian version of the brief pain inventory in cancer patients. J Rafsanjan Uni Med Sci. 2006;5(4):253–8. [Persian] [Article]
32. Kabat-Zinn J. Full catastrophe living: using the wisdom of your body and mind to face stress, pain, and illness. New York: Bantam Books trade paperback; 1990.
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
