Volume 12 - Articles-1401                   MEJDS (2022) 12: 150 | Back to browse issues page

XML Persian Abstract Print


Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:

Shaterdalal Yazdi A, Saadati A, Asadzadeh H, Abolmaali K. Determining the Effectiveness of Positive Intelligence Training on Emotional Intelligence and Flow Experience of the Elementary School Teachers. MEJDS 2022; 12 :150-150
URL: http://jdisabilstud.org/article-1-2478-en.html
1- Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University
2- Allame Tabatabaei University
3- Islamic Azad University, Rodehen
Abstract:   (1138 Views)

Background & Objectives: Teachers, as one of the most important assets working in the educational organization and as influential role models, play a very important role in the formation of students' personalities. One of the psychological components that plays a significant role in the quality of teacher–student interactions and relationships is the emotional intelligence of teachers. Flow experience is another psychological component that is related to teachers' perceptions and their level of internal satisfaction with the work environment. Positive intelligence, as one of the constructs of the positive psychology approach, is defined as the maximum power to use mental abilities that help people find new psychological solutions, a positive attitude to daily hassles, and living in the moment. Positive intelligence leads to increased self–awareness, improvement in interpersonal interactions and relationships, improvement in the thinking and behavior, and rethinking the meaning and concepts of phenomena. This study aimed to investigate the effects of positive intelligence training on the emotional intelligence and flow experience of elementary school teachers.
Methods: The method of the present study is quasi–experimental with a pretest–posttest design and a one–month follow–up. The statistical population included primary school teachers in Tehran in the academic year 2020. Forty–four elementary school teachers were selected conveniently regarding the inclusion and exclusion criteria and randomly allocated to the positive intelligence training group (n=22) and control group (n=22). The inclusion criteria were as follows: sufficient mastery of working with the Internet and how to participate in the webinar, necessary commitment and cooperation. The exclusion criteria included receiving a diagnosis of any psychiatric disorder based on a clinical interview, having a history of epileptic seizures during the last 2 years, having a medical condition that forces the person to seek immediate treatment, being absent more than 2 times in online training sessions, and being reluctant to continue participating in the study for any reason and at any time during the study. All participants were assessed at the pretest, posttest, and follow–up using an Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (Siberia Shirring, 1996) and Flow State Scale (Jackson & Eklund, 2002). Only the training group received eight 1–hour training sessions online. The content of the training intervention on positive intelligence, which is based on the positive psychology approach, included components of empathy, curiosity, the meaning of life, creativity, and flow. All training sessions were held online from 1 to 2 pm due to the special circumstances of the coronavirus outbreak. Data analysis was done in SPSS version 19 using the analysis of variance with repeated measures and subsequent post hoc methods. Also, in the analysis of the demographic characteristics of the sample members, including their educational status and marital status, the Chi–square test was used. Regarding the analysis of the age difference between the two groups, the t test of two independent groups was used. The significance level of statistical tests was considered at 0.05.
Results: Analysis of the demographic characteristics of the sample members showed no significant difference between teachers in the two groups of positive intelligence training and the control group in terms of age (p=0.319), educational status (p=0.339), and marital status (p=0.265). The results of repeated measures analysis of variance showed that the main effect of time (p<0.001), group (p<0.001), and the interaction of time and group (p<0.001) were also significant on emotional intelligence and flow experience. In the posttest stage, a significant difference was found between the training and control groups in the sub–components of self–motivation (p<0.001), self–awareness (p<0.001), empathy (p<0.001), social skills (p<0.001) and self–control (p=0.011) of emotional intelligence variable and flow experience variable (p<0.001). Also in the follow–up phase, there was a significant difference between the two groups in the sub–components of the emotional intelligence variable and the flow experience variable (p<0.001). There was a significant difference between the pretest–posttest (p<0.05) and pretest–follow–up (p<0.05) stages in the comparison of the changes in the sub–components of the emotional intelligence variable and the flow experience variable in the training group. However, no significant difference was observed between the posttest–follow–up stages (p>0.05), which indicated the stability of the changes resulting from the positive intelligence training package in the one–month follow–up.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research, positive intelligence training has successfully improved the level of emotional intelligence and the flow experience in primary school teachers. Therefore, its use is suggested for all teachers and trainers.

Full-Text [PDF 695 kb]   (381 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Original Research Article | Subject: Psychology

References
1. Maleki Avarsin S, Zavvar T, Vakili R. Rabeteye tavanmand sazi ravanshenakhti va ta’ahod sazemani dabiran madares motavasete shahrestan Maragheh [The relationship between psychological empowerment and organizational commitment among high school teachers in Maragheh city]. Educational Leadership & Administration. 2013;7(2):131–44. [Persian] [Article]
2. Rassaei E. Corrective feedback, learners’ perceptions, and second language development. System. 2013;41(2):472–83. [DOI]
3. Ghalaei B, Kadivar P, Sarami G, Esfandiari M. Assessment of teacher’s self-efficacy beliefs model as determinant of their job satisfaction and students’ academic achievement. Research in Curriculum Planning. 2012;9(5):95–107. [Persian] [Article]
4. Pajares F. Toward a positive psychology of academic motivation. J Educ Res. 2001;95(1):27–35. [DOI]
5. Hoy AW, Hoy WK, Kurz NM. Teacher’s academic optimism: the development and test of a new construct. Teach Teach Educ. 2008;24(4):821–35. [DOI]
6. Ye J, Yeung DY, Liu ESC, Rochelle TL. Sequential mediating effects of provided and received social support on trait emotional intelligence and subjective happiness: a longitudinal examination in Hong Kong Chinese university students. Int J Psychol. 2019;54(4):478–86. [DOI]
7. Bustamante JG, Del Barco BL, Barona EG. Emotional intelligence and happiness in the learning process. Journal of Learning Styles. 2015;8(15):91–112. [DOI]
8. Ferguson FJ, Austin EJ. Associations of trait and ability emotional intelligence with performance on theory of mind tasks in an adult sample. Pers Individ Dif. 2010;49(5):414–8. [DOI]
9. Gharehbaghi N, Rahimnia F. A survey of the mediation role of emotional intelligence of managers in the impact of transformational leadership style on employees' contextual performance. Transformation Management Journal. 2013;5(10):25–44. [Persian] [Article]
10. Narimani Vahedi E, Saeidi M, Hadidi Tamjid N. Teachers and learners’ emotional intelligence and their corrective feedback practices and preferences. Journal of Modern Research in English Language Studies. 2018;5(4):109–30. [Persian] [DOI]
11. Mohsenian A, Belaghat SR, Elahi Z. The relationship betweenteachers locus of control with experience flow and psychological empowerment. Journal of Educational Psychology Studies. 2018;15(31):217–42. [Persian] [Article]
12. Colombo L, Zito M. Demands, resources and the three dimensions of flow at work: a study among professional nurses. Open J Nurs. 2014;4(4):255–64. [DOI]
13. Chu LC, Lee CL, Huang KC, Lin JH. How personality traits mediate the relationship between flow experience and job performance. The Journal of International Management Studies. 2013;8(1):33–46.
14. Chamine Sh. Positive intelligence. Kamkar Sh (Persian translator). Tehran: Liusa Pub; 2012. [Persian]
15. Sanchez RE. Emotional intelligence and teaching performance of tertiary faculty members. Annals of Studies in Science and Humanities. 2015;1(1):61–73.
16. Stevens JP. Intermediate statistics: a modern approach. Third edition. New York, Hove: Routledge; 2007.
17. Mansouri B. Hanjaryabi azmoon hooshe hayajani syber ya shrink dar beyne daneshjooyan karshenasi arshad daneshgah haye dolati Tehran [Normizing Cyber or Shrink emotional intelligence test among master's students of public universities in Tehran] [Thesis for MSc]. Tehran: Allameh Tabatabai University; 2001. [Persian]
18. Jackson SA, Eklund RC. Assessing flow in physical activity: the Flow State Scale–2 and Dispositional Flow Scale–2. J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2002;24(2):133–50. [DOI]
19. Rahimpour S, Arefi M, Manshaii G. The effectiveness of mindfulness education on flow and grit of female high school students. Studies in Learning & Instruction. 2019;11(1):70–91. [Persian] [DOI]
20. Makvand Hosseini S, Maddah Karani SZ, Aminbeidokhti AA, Sabahi P, Najafi M. The effectiveness of positive intelligence training on emotional intelligence of the securities and exchange organization employees. Positive Psychology Research. 2019;4(4):45–58. [Persian] [Article]
21. Miao C, Humphrey RH, Qian S. The relationship between emotional intelligence and trait mindfulness: a meta-analytic review. Pers Individ Dif. 2018;135:101–7. [DOI]
22. Goleman D. Emotional intelligence: why it can matter more than IQ. Random House Publishing Group; 2012.
23. Dweck CS. Self-theories: their role in motivation, personality, and development. Philadelphia, PA: Psychology press; 2000.
24. Ivcevic Z, Brackett MA, Mayer JD. Emotional intelligence and emotional creativity. J Personality. 2007;75(2):199–236. [DOI]
25. Jaušovec N, Jaušovec K. Sex differences in brain activity related to general and emotional intelligence. Brain Cogn. 2005;59(3):277–86. [DOI]
26. Košir K, Tement S. Teacher–student relationship and academic achievement: a cross-lagged longitudinal study on three different age groups. Eur J Psychol Educ. 2014;29(3):409–28. [DOI]
27. Bassi M, Delle Fave A. Optimal experience and self-determination at school: joining perspectives. Motiv Emot. 2012;36(4):425–38. [DOI]

Add your comments about this article : Your username or Email:
CAPTCHA

Send email to the article author


Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

© 2025 CC BY-NC 4.0 | Middle Eastern Journal of Disability Studies

Designed & Developed by : Yektaweb