Middle Eastern Journal of Disability Studies

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Dastani M, Roshan R, Janbozorgi M, Shaeiri M R, Aghaei E. Spirituality and religion approaches on depression symptoms A Meta-analysis. MEJDS 2019; 9 :65-65
URL: http://jdisabilstud.org/article-1-907-en.html

Background & Objective: Depression is the most common psychiatric disorder that has been increasing over the past fifty years and is considered the most common cause of hospitalization. Mainly, depressed people are self–assimilated and self–assertive, attention is paid to the positive effects of religion and spirituality is essential in the prevention and treatment of mental disorders. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of religious–spiritual approaches on decreasing depression syndromes in Iran using a meta–analysis model.
Methods: This research was a review study. The statistical population consisted of theses and research published in scientific and research journals that have been conducted over the past twelve years (2004–2015) in the field of spirituality and religion–based depression approaches in Iran. In this research, 13 articles that had criteria for entry, and they had an adequate sample size and methodologically. Sources of research in the present study consisted of Master's and Ph.D. thesis of Universities, scientific–research journals in the field of psychology, information resources of the Jihad University, and documents center of Iran. The search keywords included treatment, psychotherapy, intervention, psychotherapy, education, counseling, spirituality, spiritual, religious, depressed, and depression. Including criteria for the meta–analysis were experimental and quasi–experimental research; with at least one experimental group; measurement tools were sufficient reliability and validity; the topic of research had religion–based approaches and spirituality in depression; the study conducted in the form of group research; in–person intervention (without internet and telephone). A content analysis checklist was used to selected research papers with inclusion criteria and extracting the necessary information to perform their meta–analysis. The checklist included the following components: title of research on depression, full details of the executives, had study year, implementation of the study, hypotheses, data collection tools, statistical population, and sample size. A significance level of tests used in this research was performed based on Kuhn's meta–analysis steps. The data was analyzed by CMA2 software.
Results: The best estimate for the impact of spirituality and religion–based approaches on depression was 0.48, which was roughly high according to Cohen's (1988) coefficient of interpretation (spirituality–based approaches and religion had a modest effect on depression).
Conclusion: Discrepancies are effective interventions to reduce depression; it seems that a meta–analysis will help clarify the actual impact of interventions on depression symptoms and will determine the degree of effectiveness. Overall, the results of this study showed that spiritual and behavioral therapies could be effective in reducing the symptoms of depression, but a closer examination of the study revealed the basic difficulties in reporting and the quality of their performance. It seems that conducting accurate research based on the theoretical, scientific background, using authoritative sources related to the teachings, concepts of religion, Islamic culture treatment of depression is essential. It is necessary to study on validity and effectiveness of the procedure and to compare its efficacy with standard golden treatment. It can be said that multi–drug therapy needs to design to Iranian–culture that can increase the effectiveness of secular remedies on Iranian society. Based on these findings, therapists could select and execute treatment patterns appropriate to the problems encountered, and to achieve better and more reliable outcomes.