Middle Eastern Journal of Disability Studies

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Gahvare R, Rajabi R, Shahrbanian S, Gharayagh Zandi H, Hosseini S M. Investigation of Validity and Reliability of Revised Persian Version of Sport Injury Anxiety Scale (PSIAS). MEJDS 2018; 8 :47-47
URL: http://jdisabilstud.org/article-1-950-en.html

Background & Objective: Concerning medical progress, most injured athletes can recover and return to pre-injury status. However, a significant number of athletes can never fully return to their level of performance before the injury. It seems that one of the reasons for not returning to the initial conditions can be attributed to psychological factors. The researches and reports provide a good indication that psychological factors can affect the occurrence and prevention of injury. For this, Cassidy made the first attempt to build a tool for measuring the anxiety caused by the damage. In the following, Cassidy used this version to gain content validity and used psychology experts in sports, physiotherapy and rehabilitation. The content validity of the questions showed that only 51 items are consistent with the purpose of their research. In the next step, a Cassidy of 300 athletes working in various sports fields used a questionnaire to investigate the structural validity of the questionnaire for exploratory analysis, and showed that seven factors had a higher value than one, and a questionnaire with 29 better fitting questions it has other models. The researchers also mentioned the reliability of the Cronbach Alpha for this questionnaire and suggested that researchers in the future use this questionnaire to assess the anxiety caused by the damage. Also, they have used confirmatory factor analysis to confirm and assure the construct validity of this questionnaire. Using this questionnaire, Rex and Mattzler then reviewed the survey in three steps. In the first stage, seven experts in the field of psychological harm in sport examined the content validity of the questions. In the second stage, 491 university athletes completed the questionnaire and used the exploratory factor analysis to determine the number of factors. The results showed that the scale consists of 7 components. Such is the first component of losing the sports conditions, the second component of weakening, and the third is an injury, the fourth is a negative image of itself, the fifth component of the loss of social support, the sixth component of the disappointment of close people and the seventh component of pain. In the third step, confirmatory factor analysis used, and the results showed that the questionnaire with 21 questions and seven factors was better fitting than other models. Eight questions not loaded on their components. Regarding what has been stated, and with the knowledge of the revision of this questionnaire for its use, modifications to this questionnaire should be made in the Persian version.
Methods: The original scale has seven subscales including 21 questions with 5-point Likert responses. Two hundred fifty-six questionnaires completed by 17 to 31-year-old athletes (56% males, and 44% of females with an average age of 22 years). They took part in different fields of sports activities in Tehran. To collect demographic information, we used personal information forms. To assess the construct validity of the scale, we used confirmatory factor analysis. Cronbach’s alpha estimated the scale reliability, Test-retest method was also used to examine temporal reliability (p<0.05).
Results: The result of the calculations performed to estimate the reliability of the factors of the questionnaire showed that the amount of alpha coefficient for the injury anxiety subscales in the range ranged from 0.73 to 0.79. Given that the coefficients of internal consistency of the components are high and appropriate, the reliability of this questionnaire is confirmed. Also, the results of the study showed that the revised Persian version of the scale supported the main structure and the validity of the Persian version of the anxiety scale confirmed with 21 questions.
Conclusion: The study concludes that the Persian version of the revised Sports Injury Anxiety Scale can be recommended for the assessment of the athlete's injury anxiety.