Volume 10 -
MEJDS (2020) 10: 53 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Abedi Z, Mogtabaei M, Bagheri N. Explaining Structural Relationships between Coping Strategies and Pregnancy Anxiety based on the Intermediary of Tolerance of Ambiguity. MEJDS 2020; 10 :53-53
URL: http://jdisabilstud.org/article-1-1242-en.html
URL: http://jdisabilstud.org/article-1-1242-en.html
1- Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University Roodehen branch
Abstract: (1981 Views)
Background & Objectives: There is a high incidence of distressing psychological symptoms, including anxiety in pregnancy. The present study aimed to determine the mediating role of the tolerance of ambiguity in the relationship between coping strategies and pregnancy anxiety.
Methods: This was a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population of the study consisted of pregnant women referring to the health centers of the Social Security Organization of Tehran Province, Iran, in the fourth quarter of 2017 and the first quarter of 2018. The sample size was calculated as 384, according to the Cramer formula. The study participants were selected by a multistage cluster sampling technique. The study tools included the Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire (Van den Bergh, 1989), the Tolerance of Ambiguity Measure (Mc Lain, 2009), and Coping Styles Questionnaire (Folkman & Lazarus, 1980). To analyze the obtained data, structural equation modeling, and Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) were applied in AMOS. The significance level was set at 0.05.
Results: In this study, the total path coefficient between emotional-focused coping and pregnancy anxiety was positive and significant (p<0.001, β=0.311). Additionally, the total path coefficient between problem-focused coping and pregnancy anxiety was negative and significant (p =0.027, β=-0.149). The direct path coefficient between the tolerance of ambiguity and pregnancy anxiety was negative and significant (p<0.001, β=-0.261). The indirect path coefficient between problem-focused coping and pregnancy anxiety was negative and significant (p<0.001, β=-0.089).
Conclusion: The greater use of the problem-focused coping style in pregnant women reduced the level of ambiguity and concern about unpredictable future situations in them. Eventually, they experienced less anxiety.
Methods: This was a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population of the study consisted of pregnant women referring to the health centers of the Social Security Organization of Tehran Province, Iran, in the fourth quarter of 2017 and the first quarter of 2018. The sample size was calculated as 384, according to the Cramer formula. The study participants were selected by a multistage cluster sampling technique. The study tools included the Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire (Van den Bergh, 1989), the Tolerance of Ambiguity Measure (Mc Lain, 2009), and Coping Styles Questionnaire (Folkman & Lazarus, 1980). To analyze the obtained data, structural equation modeling, and Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) were applied in AMOS. The significance level was set at 0.05.
Results: In this study, the total path coefficient between emotional-focused coping and pregnancy anxiety was positive and significant (p<0.001, β=0.311). Additionally, the total path coefficient between problem-focused coping and pregnancy anxiety was negative and significant (p =0.027, β=-0.149). The direct path coefficient between the tolerance of ambiguity and pregnancy anxiety was negative and significant (p<0.001, β=-0.261). The indirect path coefficient between problem-focused coping and pregnancy anxiety was negative and significant (p<0.001, β=-0.089).
Conclusion: The greater use of the problem-focused coping style in pregnant women reduced the level of ambiguity and concern about unpredictable future situations in them. Eventually, they experienced less anxiety.
Type of Study: Original Research Article |
Subject:
Psychology
References
1. Ramos IF, Guardino CM, Mansolf M, Glynn LM, Sandman CA, Hobel CJ, et al. Pregnancy anxiety predicts shorter gestation in Latina and non-Latina white women: The role of placental corticotrophin-releasing hormone. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2019;99:166–73. [DOI]
2. Brunton RJ, Dryer R, Saliba A, Kohlhoff J. The initial development of the Pregnancy-related Anxiety Scale. Women and Birth. 2019;32(1):e118–30. [DOI]
3. Brunton RJ, Dryer R, Krägeloh C, Saliba A, Kohlhoff J, Medvedev O. The pregnancy-related anxiety scale: A validity examination using Rasch analysis. J Affect Disord. 2018;236:127–35. [DOI]
4. Deklava L, Lubina K, Circenis K, Sudraba V, Millere I. Causes of Anxiety during Pregnancy. Procedia Soc Behav Sci. 2015;205:623–6. [DOI]
5. Brunton R, Dryer R, Saliba A, Kohlhoff J. Re-examining pregnancy-related anxiety: A replication study. Women Birth. 2019;32(1):e131–7. [DOI]
6. Sadeghi N, Azizi S, Molaeinezhad M. Anxiety status in pregnant mothers at third trimester of pregnancy and its related factors in referrals to Bandar Abbas Hospitals in 2012. The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility. 2014;17(122):8–15. [Persian] [DOI]
7. Madhavanprabhakaran GK, D’Souza MS, Nairy KS. Prevalence of pregnancy anxiety and associated factors. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences. 2015;3:1–7. [DOI]
8. Maimburg RD, Væth M, Hvidman L, Dürr J, Olsen J. Women’s worries in first pregnancy: results from a randomised controlled trial. Sex Reprod Healthc. 2013;4(4):129–31. [DOI]
9. Britton GI, Neale SE, Davey GCL. The effect of worrying on intolerance of uncertainty and positive and negative beliefs about worry. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2019;62:65–71. [DOI]
10. Chen S, Yao N, Qian M. The influence of uncertainty and intolerance of uncertainty on anxiety. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2018;61:60–5. [DOI]
11. Osmanağaoğlu N, Creswell C, Dodd HF. Intolerance of Uncertainty, anxiety, and worry in children and adolescents: A meta-analysis. J Affect Disord. 2018;225:80–90. [DOI]
12. Sarawgi S, Oglesby ME, Cougle JR. Intolerance of uncertainty and obsessive-compulsive symptom expression. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2013;44(4):456–62. [DOI]
13. Kyrios M, Hordern C, Fassnacht DB. Predictors of response to cognitive behaviour therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder. nt J Clin Health Psychol. 2015;15(3):181–90. [DOI]
14. Forouzanfar A. Distress tolerance: Theory, Mechanism and Relation to Psychopathology. Rooyesh-e- Ravanshenasi Journal. 2017;6(2):239–62. [Persian] [Article]
15. Lee AH, Woodruff-Borden J. Roles of emotional reactivity, intolerance of uncertainty, and negative problem orientation on developing childhood worry. Personality and Individual Differences. 2018;135:25–30. [DOI]
16. Osmanagaoglu N, Creswell C, Dodd HF. Intolerance of Uncertainty, anxiety, and worry in children and adolescents: A meta-analysis. Journal of affective disorders. 2018;225:80-90.
17. Aktar E, Nikolić M, Bögels SM. Environmental transmission of generalized anxiety disorder from parents to children: worries, experiential avoidance, and intolerance of uncertainty. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2017;19(2):137–47.
18. Thielsch C, Andor T, Ehring T. Do metacognitions and intolerance of uncertainty predict worry in everyday life? An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study. Behav Ther. 2015;46(4):532–43. [DOI]
19. Kertz S, Woodruff-Borden J. The role of metacognition, intolerance of uncertainty, and negative problem orientation in children’s worry. Behav Cogn Psychother. 2013;41(2):243–8. [DOI]
20. Boelen PA, Carleton RN. Intolerance of uncertainty, hypochondriacal concerns, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and worry. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2012;200(3):208–13. [DOI]
21. Kheyrjoo E, Taher M, Farshbaf F, Alaei P. the comparison of tolerance of ambiguity, psychological capital and coping strategies between cardiac patients and healthy people. Quarterly Journal of Health Psychology. 2017;5(18):141–52. [Persian] [Article]
22. Lazarus RS. Coping theory and research: past, present, and future. Psychosom Med. 1993;55(3):234–47. [DOI]
23. Folkman S, Lazarus RS. The relationship between coping and emotion: implications for theory and research. Soc Sci Med. 1988;26(3):309–17. [DOI]
24. Derakhshan A. Comparison of depression, anxiety, rumination, thought suppression and coping styles in spouses of schizophrenic patients and normal individuals. Quarterly of Applied Psychology. 2019;10(3):367–86. [Persian] [Article]
25. Virgara R, Maher C, Van Kessel G. The comorbidity of low back pelvic pain and risk of depression and anxiety in pregnancy in primiparous women. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2018;18(1):288. [DOI]
26. Aliloo MM, Bakhshipor A, Esmaeli M, Tabrizi MT. personality traits and coping styles in patients with essential hypertension. Med J Tabriz Uni Med Sci Heal Services. 2010;32(3):61–6. [Persian]
27. Winter C, Van Acker F, Bonduelle M, Van Berkel K, Belva F, Liebaers I, et al. Depression, pregnancy-related anxiety and parental-antenatal attachment in couples using preimplantation genetic diagnosis. Hum Reprod. 2016;31(6):1288–99. [DOI]
28. Vázquez MB, Pereira B, Míguez MC. Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Version of the Pregnancy Related Anxiety Questionnaire (PRAQ). Span J Psychol. 2018;21:E64. [DOI]
29. Karamoozian M, Askarizadeh G, Behroozy N. The Study of psychometric properties of pregnancy related anxiety questionnaire. Journal of Clinical Nursing and Midwifery. 2017;5(4):22–34. [Persian] [Article]
30. McLain DL. Evidence of the properties of an ambiguity tolerance measure: the Multiple Stimulus Types Ambiguity Tolerance Scale-II (MSTAT-II). Psychol Rep. 2009;105(3 Pt 1):975–88. [DOI]
31. Feizi A, Mahbobi T, Zare H, Mostafaei A. The relationship of cognitive intelligence and ambiguity tolerance with entrepreneurship among students of West Azarbayjan Payam Noor University, Iran. Journal of Research in Behavioural Sciences. 2012;10(4):276–84. [Persian] [Article]
32. Scherer RF, Brodzinski JD. An Analysis of the Ways of Coping Questionnaire. Management Communication Quarterly. 1990;3(3):401–18. [DOI]
33. Hanifi F, Amini Z. An investigation of the Relationship between contrastive styles and second high school student’s academic achievement in Tehran. Educational Administration Research. 2017;8(30):89–108. [Persian] [Article]
34. Meyers LS, Gamst G, Guarino AJ. Applied multivariate research: design and interpretation. Los Angeles: SAGE; 2006.
35. Fialko L, Bolton D, Perrin S. Applicability of a cognitive model of worry to children and adolescents. Behav Res Ther. 2012;50(5):341–9. 10.1016/j.brat.2012.02.003
36. Fardaeni Sofla H, Karsazi H, Emami Ezat A, Bakhshipour Roodsari A. The structural relationship of anxiety sensitivity, worry and difficulty in regulating emotions with generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder and panic disorder. Thoughts and Behavior in Clinical Psychology. 2015;10(36):77–87. [Article]
37. Shihata S, McEvoy PM, Mullan BA. Pathways from uncertainty to anxiety: An evaluation of a hierarchical model of trait and disorder-specific intolerance of uncertainty on anxiety disorder symptoms. J Anxiety Disord. 2017;45:72–9. [DOI]
38. Oglesby ME, Schmidt NB. The Role of Threat Level and Intolerance of Uncertainty (IU) in Anxiety: An Experimental Test of IU Theory. Behav Ther. 2017;48(4):427–34. [DOI]
39. Doruk A, Dugenci M, Ersöz F, Öznur T. Intolerance of Uncertainty and Coping Mechanisms in Nonclinical Young Subjects. Noro Psikiyatr Ars. 2015;52(4):400–5. [DOI]
40. Zlomke KR, Jeter KM. Stress and worry: examining intolerance of uncertainty’s moderating effect. Anxiety Stress Coping. 2014;27(2):202–15. [DOI]
41. Esnaashari S, Mohammadkhani S, Hassanabadi H. Cognitive model of anxiety in cancer patients: The role of cognitive and metacognitive components. Quarterly Journal of Health Psychology. 2017;6(21):66–85. [Persian] [Article]
42. Fahimi S, Aliloo MM, Poursharifi H, Fakhari A, Akbari E, Rahim Khanli M. Repetitive thinking worry and rumination as mechanisms to coping with intolerance of uncertainty in generalized anxiety and major depressive disorders. Journal of Fundamentals of Mental Health. 2014;16(61):34–6. [Persian] [DOI]
43. Rosen NO, Ivanova E, Knäuper B. Differentiating intolerance of uncertainty from three related but distinct constructs. Anxiety Stress Coping. 2014;27(1):55–73. [DOI]
44. Azizi M, Nezami L. Predicting postpartum depression based on perceived stress and styles of coping with stress among pregnant women in Tabriz. Thoughts and Behavior in Clinical Psychology. 2015;10(37):67–76. [Persian] [Article]
45. Hasanvand Amozadeh M. Effect of life-skills Training on Social Anxiety Symptoms and Stress Coping Methods in Teens in Families Support with Welfare Organization. Research in Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences. 2015;5(1):21–36. [Persian] [Article]
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
