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Background & Objective: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder that defines by lack of social connection, repetitive behavior and difficulties in speech. However, recent studies revealed that people with ASD have difficulties in their fine and gross motor skills and need related interventions. These motor deficits also is observed in early ages and before first year of birth. SPARK is a motor program that is designed to enhance gross motor skills in typically developed children. Based on recent review by Bremer et al there is a need to more researches in this area to find an special motor program for children with ASD. They designed a school based program (SBP) for children with ASD to improve their motor abilities at school. However, previous studies had lack of control group and enough sample size. Current study aims to resolve lackness of previous studies by adding a control group and enough sample size. Also, current study aims to compare effects of SPARK and SBP on fundamental motor skills in children with ASD.
Methods: Thirty three children with high functioning autism age 6-10 from a school for children with ASD in Mashhad, Iran. They recruited randomly in 1) SPARK group 2) SBP group and 3) Control group. Participants in Spark and SBP groups participated for 8 weeks (24 sessions) in their special trainings. Each session was about 1 hour. Fundamental motor skills of all participants assessed at pre-test, post-test and one month follow up test using TGMD-2. TGMD-2 has two sub scale 1) Object control skills 2) Locomotor skills. Also, a total number of subscales uses as fundamental motor skill record of each participant. Results of this study analyzed by repeated measure analyze of variance using SPSS version 23 at a=0.01
Results: Results of repeated measure ANOVA revealed significant main effect of group and time on Locomotor (p=0.001), Object Control (p=0.001) and Motor Proficiency (p=0.001). Both SPARK and SBP had better performance in all three measures than control group (p=0.001). There was not any significant difference between SPARK and SBP in locomotion (p=0.137) and object control (p=0.430), however participants in SBP group had better performance than SPARK group in motor proficiency (p=0.001). In follow up test one month after training, there were significant main effect of group in Locomotor (p=0.002), Object Control (p=0.001) and Motor Proficiency (p=0.001). Both SAPRK and SBP group had better performance in Locomotor (p=0.001), Object Control (p=0.001) and Motor Proficiency (p=0.001) than control group. However, there was not any significant difference between SPARK and SBP group in Locomotor (p=0.861), Object Control (p=1.00) and Motor Proficiency (p=1.00).
Conclusion: Results of current study shows that motor interventions in current study could affect positively on motor development in children with Autism and should consider in their daily interventions.
Methods: Thirty three children with high functioning autism age 6-10 from a school for children with ASD in Mashhad, Iran. They recruited randomly in 1) SPARK group 2) SBP group and 3) Control group. Participants in Spark and SBP groups participated for 8 weeks (24 sessions) in their special trainings. Each session was about 1 hour. Fundamental motor skills of all participants assessed at pre-test, post-test and one month follow up test using TGMD-2. TGMD-2 has two sub scale 1) Object control skills 2) Locomotor skills. Also, a total number of subscales uses as fundamental motor skill record of each participant. Results of this study analyzed by repeated measure analyze of variance using SPSS version 23 at a=0.01
Results: Results of repeated measure ANOVA revealed significant main effect of group and time on Locomotor (p=0.001), Object Control (p=0.001) and Motor Proficiency (p=0.001). Both SPARK and SBP had better performance in all three measures than control group (p=0.001). There was not any significant difference between SPARK and SBP in locomotion (p=0.137) and object control (p=0.430), however participants in SBP group had better performance than SPARK group in motor proficiency (p=0.001). In follow up test one month after training, there were significant main effect of group in Locomotor (p=0.002), Object Control (p=0.001) and Motor Proficiency (p=0.001). Both SAPRK and SBP group had better performance in Locomotor (p=0.001), Object Control (p=0.001) and Motor Proficiency (p=0.001) than control group. However, there was not any significant difference between SPARK and SBP group in Locomotor (p=0.861), Object Control (p=1.00) and Motor Proficiency (p=1.00).
Conclusion: Results of current study shows that motor interventions in current study could affect positively on motor development in children with Autism and should consider in their daily interventions.
Type of Study: Original Research Article |
Subject:
Rehabilitation
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