1- Central Tehran branch, Islamic Azad University
2- University of Social Welfar and Rehabilitation Science
2- University of Social Welfar and Rehabilitation Science
Abstract: (538 Views)
Background & Objectives: Divorce is the most significant indicator of marital turmoil and is one of the most stressful sources that can disrupt people's cognitive structures. The occurrence of divorce in the family doesn't only harm the psychological processes of the couple but also injures the psychological health of the children. One of the effects and consequences of family disputes like divorce is emotional disorders in children, which reduces their quality of life. Also, the occurrence of self-criticism in children is one of the consequences of grief caused by parents' divorce in children. Since psychological injuries caused by divorce in family members appear chronically and affect their well-being, the necessity of psychological interventions is raised. One of the interventions that can affect the cognitive regulation of emotion and self-criticism in children of divorced families is acceptance and commitment therapy. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim, The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy on cognitive regulation of emotion and self-criticism in adolescent girls experiencing parental divorce mourning.
Methods: The current research method was a semi-experimental pre-test-post-test with a control group and a three-month follow-up. The statistical population included all teenagers aged 14-16 from divorced families living in Tehran in 2018. The sampling method was purposeful and thirty people were selected as a sample based on the entry and exit criteria. Then the teenagers were randomly placed in two experimental groups and a control group (15 people in each group) and were pre-tested with Garnevsky et al.'s (2001) cognitive emotion regulation questionnaires, Hogan et al.'s (2001) bereavement list, and Thompson-Vozorov's self-criticism levels (2004) . were placed. The experimental group received eight sessions of treatment based on acceptance and commitment (Forman and Herbert, 2008) and the control group was put on the waiting list to receive the intervention sessions if they tended and after the end of the research. Then the end of the training sessions and the months later for follow-up, the desired questionnaires were re-administered with the aim of implementing the post-test and follow-up steps for both experimental and control groups. Analysis of variance with repeated measurements was used to analyze the data.
Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the treatment intervention group based on acceptance and commitment and the control group in pre-test and post-test in adaptive and non-adaptive strategies of cognitive regulation of emotion and self-criticism in teenage girls (P<0.01). In the experimental group, the average scores of adaptive strategies of emotional cognitive regulation increased in the post-test stages, and the average scores of non-adaptive strategies of emotional cognitive regulation and self-criticism decreased (P<0.01).The results of the Bonferroni test comparing the effect of time show that the difference in the mean scores of the adaptive and non-adaptive strategies of cognitive emotion regulation and self-criticism in the pre-test-post-test and pre-test-follow-up stages is statistically significant, but the difference in the average scores in the post-test-follow-up stages is insignificant. Also, the results of the Bonferroni test comparing the effects of the groups show that the difference between the adaptive and non-adaptive strategies of cognitive, emotional regulation, and self-criticism in the experimental group is statistically significant compared to the control group (P<0.001).
Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, regarding the effectiveness of treatment based on acceptance and commitment to increasing the adaptive strategies of cognitive regulation of emotion and reducing the non-adaptive strategies of cognitive regulation of emotion and self-criticism, it is argued that this method of intervention increases psychological flexibility and Also, the ability to contact as fully as possible with the present moment and change behavior in order to serve the values leads to the reduction of possible psychological problems in teenage girls with the experience of bereavement of their parent's divorce. Therefore, treatment based on acceptance and commitment can be used as an intervention method for teenage children of divorced families.
Methods: The current research method was a semi-experimental pre-test-post-test with a control group and a three-month follow-up. The statistical population included all teenagers aged 14-16 from divorced families living in Tehran in 2018. The sampling method was purposeful and thirty people were selected as a sample based on the entry and exit criteria. Then the teenagers were randomly placed in two experimental groups and a control group (15 people in each group) and were pre-tested with Garnevsky et al.'s (2001) cognitive emotion regulation questionnaires, Hogan et al.'s (2001) bereavement list, and Thompson-Vozorov's self-criticism levels (2004) . were placed. The experimental group received eight sessions of treatment based on acceptance and commitment (Forman and Herbert, 2008) and the control group was put on the waiting list to receive the intervention sessions if they tended and after the end of the research. Then the end of the training sessions and the months later for follow-up, the desired questionnaires were re-administered with the aim of implementing the post-test and follow-up steps for both experimental and control groups. Analysis of variance with repeated measurements was used to analyze the data.
Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the treatment intervention group based on acceptance and commitment and the control group in pre-test and post-test in adaptive and non-adaptive strategies of cognitive regulation of emotion and self-criticism in teenage girls (P<0.01). In the experimental group, the average scores of adaptive strategies of emotional cognitive regulation increased in the post-test stages, and the average scores of non-adaptive strategies of emotional cognitive regulation and self-criticism decreased (P<0.01).The results of the Bonferroni test comparing the effect of time show that the difference in the mean scores of the adaptive and non-adaptive strategies of cognitive emotion regulation and self-criticism in the pre-test-post-test and pre-test-follow-up stages is statistically significant, but the difference in the average scores in the post-test-follow-up stages is insignificant. Also, the results of the Bonferroni test comparing the effects of the groups show that the difference between the adaptive and non-adaptive strategies of cognitive, emotional regulation, and self-criticism in the experimental group is statistically significant compared to the control group (P<0.001).
Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, regarding the effectiveness of treatment based on acceptance and commitment to increasing the adaptive strategies of cognitive regulation of emotion and reducing the non-adaptive strategies of cognitive regulation of emotion and self-criticism, it is argued that this method of intervention increases psychological flexibility and Also, the ability to contact as fully as possible with the present moment and change behavior in order to serve the values leads to the reduction of possible psychological problems in teenage girls with the experience of bereavement of their parent's divorce. Therefore, treatment based on acceptance and commitment can be used as an intervention method for teenage children of divorced families.
Type of Study: Original Research Article |
Subject:
Psychology
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