Department of Psychology,Bandar Deylam Branch,IslamiIc Azad University
Abstract: (526 Views)
Background & Objectives: The presence of an exceptional child, considering their characteristics and the care they need, can be a source of stress for mothers who spend more time with the child compared to other family members and affect their quality of life and mental health. Compared to mothers of normal children, mothers with exceptional children experience a lower level of optimism and psychological resilience and a high level of stress and mental health problems. Various therapeutic solutions, including third wave treatments, have been used for mothers with exceptional children due to its correlation with mental health. Therapy focused on self-compassion teaches people not to push away and avoid their painful feelings, but to accept them. Therefore, they can recognize and feel self-compassion about their experience in the very early stages, and instead of criticizing, condemning, or self-blame by creating or increasing a self-compassionate relationship between the clients and themselves, the necessary help is given to the clients. The term self-compassion includes three components of self-compassion against self-judgment; Common human experiences against isolation and attention are a balanced awareness of personal emotions instead of equating thoughts with facts. These components are interrelated and their combination forms self-pity in the mind. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of self-compassion training on optimism and resilience of mothers with exceptional children.
Methods: This research was a semi-experimental type with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this research was formed by all mothers with exceptional children covered by the welfare of Bushehr city in year 2022-2023 which consisted of 436 families. 62 eligible volunteer mothers with exceptional children were included in the study by the available sampling method, and 31 people each were assigned to two experimental and control groups in a simple random manner. The age range of mothers from 18 to 60 years, having an exceptional child between 3 and 17 years old, and at least a diploma education for mothers were among the criteria for entering the research. The criteria for exiting the research included not answering the researcher's questions and not wanting to continue cooperating in the research, suffering from physical and psychological illnesses for mothers that interfered with participating in the meetings and completing the questionnaire, and absenting more than two sessions in the self-compassion training sessions of the research. The experimental group received self-compassion training for ten ninety-minute sessions (Gilbert, 2014); However, no intervention was provided for the control group during this period. The life orientation test of Shier and Wecker (1994) was used to check the level of optimism and the resilience questionnaire of Connor and Davidson (2003) was used to collect information. In order to analyze the data in the pre-test and post-test phases, in addition to descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation), the statistical method of covariance analysis was used in SPSS version 22 software. A significance level of 0.05 was considered for all statistical tests.
Results: The results of the research, based on the covariance analysis test, showed that the self-compassion training used in this research increases optimism and resilience and its components (perception of individual competence, trust in individual instincts and tolerance of negative emotions, positive acceptance of change and relations of safety, control and emotional effects) between the experimental and control groups in the post-test, after removing the effect of the pre-test, had a significant effect (p<0.001). Also, the educational intervention of self-compassion can explain the changes of 0.61 and 0.53 variables of optimism and resilience of mothers with exceptional children, respectively.
Conclusion: According to the research results of this research, self-compassion training is an effective intervention in improving the level of optimism and resilience of mothers with exceptional children, and educational and treatment centers can identify mothers and caregivers with exceptional children who have problems in the field of resilience and optimism. are low, in order to properly deal with problematic events in their lives, teach parents self-compassion and its components in individual and group training sessions.
Methods: This research was a semi-experimental type with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this research was formed by all mothers with exceptional children covered by the welfare of Bushehr city in year 2022-2023 which consisted of 436 families. 62 eligible volunteer mothers with exceptional children were included in the study by the available sampling method, and 31 people each were assigned to two experimental and control groups in a simple random manner. The age range of mothers from 18 to 60 years, having an exceptional child between 3 and 17 years old, and at least a diploma education for mothers were among the criteria for entering the research. The criteria for exiting the research included not answering the researcher's questions and not wanting to continue cooperating in the research, suffering from physical and psychological illnesses for mothers that interfered with participating in the meetings and completing the questionnaire, and absenting more than two sessions in the self-compassion training sessions of the research. The experimental group received self-compassion training for ten ninety-minute sessions (Gilbert, 2014); However, no intervention was provided for the control group during this period. The life orientation test of Shier and Wecker (1994) was used to check the level of optimism and the resilience questionnaire of Connor and Davidson (2003) was used to collect information. In order to analyze the data in the pre-test and post-test phases, in addition to descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation), the statistical method of covariance analysis was used in SPSS version 22 software. A significance level of 0.05 was considered for all statistical tests.
Results: The results of the research, based on the covariance analysis test, showed that the self-compassion training used in this research increases optimism and resilience and its components (perception of individual competence, trust in individual instincts and tolerance of negative emotions, positive acceptance of change and relations of safety, control and emotional effects) between the experimental and control groups in the post-test, after removing the effect of the pre-test, had a significant effect (p<0.001). Also, the educational intervention of self-compassion can explain the changes of 0.61 and 0.53 variables of optimism and resilience of mothers with exceptional children, respectively.
Conclusion: According to the research results of this research, self-compassion training is an effective intervention in improving the level of optimism and resilience of mothers with exceptional children, and educational and treatment centers can identify mothers and caregivers with exceptional children who have problems in the field of resilience and optimism. are low, in order to properly deal with problematic events in their lives, teach parents self-compassion and its components in individual and group training sessions.
Type of Study: Original Research Article |
Subject:
Psychology
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